Abstract
Muscle strengthening training exerts an integral part not only in the habitual training for athletes but also in physical therapy program. Physical therapists must always be pursuing the most effective training. In the present lecture, the followings are roughly presented: 1) muscle composition, 2) change in muscle tissue, 3) factors for improvement in muscle strength, 4) training principles, 5) effectiveness of training, 6) strength training for children, and 7) strength training for the aged.