We experienced a case of MALT lymphoma of the rectum. A 71-year-old woman was seen at the hospital because of rectal bleeding. After various examinations the patient was diagnosed with RLH and was operated on for impaired vowel movement due to a large hemispheric tumor. Histopathologically it was diagnosed as MALT lymphoma, because 1) there was lymphoepithelial lesion; 2) atypical cells were medium size and resembled cells in the marginal zone; and 3) remnant atrophic lymphatic folliculi were seen. In contrast with usual MALT lymphoma of the stomach, the tumor was large and had a different growth pattern which might be derived from their difference in the origin. Malignant lymphomas occur in the rectum in a low frequency, and especially, specific type MALT lymphoma of the rectum with a low malignant potential is rare. So far no case of rectal MALT lymphoma has been reported in Japan except this case. We here present this precious case in order to call attention to possible occurrence of MALT lymphoma even in the rectum.