Abstract
Two cases of aplastic anemia induced by trimethadione and chloramphenicol administration were reported with special consideraton of pathogenesis.
In one case, severe pancytopenia was developed after the administration of trimethadione and phenobarbital for about 9 months. The patient was cured through one year hospitalization. Clinical and laboratory findings including challenge tests suggested that the pathogenetic mechanism in this case was the direct toxic effect of trimethadione.
In the second case, there was relatively acute bone marrow aplasia accompanied by high fever and severe hemorrhagic diathesis following chemotherapy for pneumonia. The patient was expired. Hypersensitivity reaction to chloramphenicol was suggested to be responsible for marrow aplasia in this case, on the basis of clinical and laboratory findings such as leukocyte agglutination test with the drug.
