Abstract
The solution behavior of new cationic surfactants, quaternary ammonium salts synthesized by using long-chain Guerbet alcohols, in water was investigtigated by a polarizing microscopic technique, differential scanning calorimetry, and electric conductivity measurements. These surfactants show the gel-liquid crystalline phase transition to be lower than 0°C and form lamellar liquid crystal even in cold water and at low concentrations of surfactants. The sorption of cationic surfactants from aqueous solutions onto hair was determined as a function of temperature. The effect of adsorbed cationic surfactants on the critical surface tension and kinetic frictional coefficients of hair surface have been investigated. These surface characteristics of hair treated with quaternary ammonium compounds derived from Guerbet alcohol found to be dramatically improved and this results can be explained by high ability of sorption onto hair. Hair rinses and conditioners having excellent ease of combing or brushing for wet and dry hair can be formulated by the application of those cationic surfactants.
