Best Medical Treatment for Carotid Artery Stenosis

Abstract

With the development of medical treatment in recent years, the incidence of stroke associated with carotid stenosis has continued to decrease. Treatment for carotid artery stenosis is intended to reduce the risk of thrombotic events and atherosclerotic changes to prevent future cardiovascular events. Antiplatelet therapy is routinely used for secondary prevention of ischemic stroke and is effective for the prevention of microembolism from the rupture or erosion of a carotid plaque. It is common to perform dual antiplatelet therapy in the acute to subacute stages of ischemic stroke. Lipid modification with statins is an essential element in the treatment of carotid artery stenosis. Statins are used to reduce the progression of carotid intima-media complex thickening and for plaque stabilization. Management of diabetes mellitus, lifestyle changes (including smoking cessation), physical activity, and weight management are also important for the prevention of carotid artery stenosis.