Venous Injury and its Management during Clipping Surgery

Abstract

Venous infarction and/or brain edema resulting from venous injury can be serious complications of clipping surgery. The central venous system has many variations and collaterals compared to the arterial system. Therefore, it can be challenging to estimate venous congestion when venous injury happens. Venous reconstruction should be performed based on the preoperative and intraoperative angiograms. Here, we present our methods for venous reconstruction.