Pedestrian fundamental diagrams in the upstream of different types of bottlenecks: An empirical evaluation

Abstract

Pedestrian fundamental diagram (PFD) is a basic tool to evaluate pedestrian flow. However, the characteristics of PFD at different bottleneck types have not been well understood so far. Through a laboratory experiment, this study derived high resolution PFDs in the upstream of bottlenecks with different properties (i.e., width and service rate) by using a simplified voronoi diagram method. It was found that velocity distributions with the same bottleneck width but with various service rate varied significantly while the density distribution did not. In addition, PFDs with higher velocity and maximum flow were generated after repetition of the experiments.