1982 Volume 23 Issue 3 Pages 119-125
The penetration forces of sewing needles were measured in relation to the percentage of extracted oils and waxes in the cotton rib knitted fabrics, which were pretreated, dyed, aftertreated and lubricated for improving the sewability. The penetration forecs were analyzed by the analysis of variance with the three-way layout, i.e., factors of the pre-treatment, dyeing temperature and dye concentration.
The results are summarized as follows.
(1) The percentage of extract decreased and the penetration forces increased, as the finishing processes were carried on. Oil and wax contents, however, increased by lubricating and the penetration force decreased thoroughly.
(2) The analysis of variance of the penetration forces showed that there was the most significant difference in pretreatment.
(3) The penetration forces can be expressed approximately as an exponential function of the percentage of extract which was affected by the finishing procedure.
