Extraction and Stripping of Vanadium with Bifunctional Ionic Liquid Extractant

Abstract

Vanadium is widely used in industry as a steel alloying element and catalyst. Due to the uneven distribution of vanadium resources, its recovery from spent vanadium materials has become increasingly important. In this study, we extracted vanadium (V) from acidic media, using the bifunctional ionic liquid [P₆₆₆₁₄][D2EHPA], consisting of Cyphos IL 101 ([P₆₆₆₁₄][Cl]) and bis(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid (D2EHPA), as the extractant. The extractability of vanadium using this bifunctional ionic liquid was slightly higher than that using Cyphos IL 101 alone or a simple mixture of Cyphos IL 101 and D2EHPA. The species of vanadium extracted at high hydrochloric acid concentrations was ([P₆₆₆₁₄][D2EHPA])₂(HVOCl₃). The vanadium extracted in the organic phase was quantitatively recovered using 1 mol/L aqueous ammonia.