Abstract
This paper investigates some policies aiming at conserving endangered wildlife species. First of all, we consider the CITES trade ban and show under what factors the ban will reduce poaching. Secondly, we investigate two types of domestic conservation policy of wildlife: one is a policy to set aside a habitat of wildlife into a national park or a protected area, and the other is a policy of utilizing community-based management (CBM) generating incentives for local communities to conserve wildlife on their own. Especially, as a representative CBM, an attempt called CAMPFIRE (The Communal Areas Management Program for Indigenous Resources) made in Zimbabwe is explained and characterized in terms of economics. We show that several conditions are required for each policy to be effective for conservation.
