Abstract
Bath compositions and conditions for electroless Ni-W-P plating were investigated with changing Na-citrate and Na2WO4 concentrations. The co-deposition of 3-4 w/o tungsten with nickl made the phosphrus content in deposits lower from 8.9 to 2.3w/o and consequently the crystallinity of as-plated deposits was improved. The residual stress and the specific conductance of as-plated deposits were increased by the lower phosphorus content which was produced by tungsten co-deposition with nickel.
