2018 Volume 61 Issue 2 Pages 132-144
Purpose: This cross-sectional study investigated the association between severity of periodontal disease, dental and medical conditions, and maximum carotid intima-media thickness (max-IMT).
Methods: Fifty-two subjects with a diagnosis of dyslipidemia, receiving carotid ultrasound examination, were recruited in the study at the Health Sciences University of Hokkaido Hospital. The results of clinical dental examination (number of teeth, percentage of teeth with probing pocket depth (PPD) ≥4 mm, 6 mm, bleeding on probing sites, mean PPD, periodontal inflamed and epithelial surface area, Eichner’s index), and medical or serum lipid parameters (sex, age, smoking habit, diabetes mellitus, body mass index, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), non HDL, low-density lipoprotein, triglycerides) were collected. Correlation analysis, chi-square or Fisher’s exact test and then multiple linear and binary logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with max-IMT.
Results: Regarding Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient, max-IMT was significantly associated with mean PPD, moderate and severe periodontal parameters. In the results of multiple linear regression analysis, number of teeth (partial regression coefficient (β) =−0.014, 95% confidence interval (CI) =−0.024 to −0.003, p=0.014) and HDL (β=−0.005, 95%CI=−0.008 to −0.002, p=0.003) ) were significantly associated with decreased max-IMT. In the chi-square or Fisher’s exact test, dichotomized max-IMT (≥1.1 mm and <1.1 mm) was significantly associated with the percentage of teeth with PPD≥6 mm (more than 50 versus less than 50 percentile). In the results of binary logistic regression analysis, there was a significant association between max-IMT≥1.1 mm and percentage of teeth with PPD≥6 mm (more than 50 versus less than 50 percentile) (odds ratio (OR) =8.275, 95%CI=1.462-46.844, p=0.017). The max-IMT≥1.1 mm was associated, though not significantly, with male sex (OR=4.196, 95%CI=0.914-19.252, p=0.065).
Conclusion: This study demonstrated that tooth loss or severe periodontitis was independently associated with increased max-IMT in patients with dyslipidemia.
