2018 Volume 61 Issue 4 Pages 225-234
Purpose: Despite its important role in the control of periodontal disease, mechanical plaque removal is not properly practiced by most individuals. Given the current limitations, new approaches for the control of biofilm are required. Our goal was to investigate the potential of egg yolk antibody (IgY)-containing film for the control of periodontal bacteria.
Materials and methods: We assessed the egg yolk antibody-containing film “periguard Ⅳ.” This product is an edible film-type supplement containing IgY believed to be useful for controlling bacteria associated with periodontitis and biofilm formation, including Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Treponema denticola, and Prevotella intermedia. Patients administered IgY-containing film for two weeks. After a two-week recovery period, a placebo film that did not contain IgY was administered for an additional two weeks. Saliva was collected four times before and after each treatment period and the number of periodontal bacteria in the saliva was measured. Pathogenic periodontal bacteria in the saliva were quantified using real-time PCR.
Results: A. actinomycetemcomitans was not detected in any of the patients. The levels of P. gingivalis, T. forsythia, and T. denticola decreased greatly following treatment with the IgY-containing film, but the level of P. intermedia increased. The IgY-containing film appeared to decrease the amount of periodontal bacteria in patients that originally had high levels.
Conclusion: The IgY-containing film decreased periodontal bacteria except for P. intermedia, but increased periodontal bacteria when the number of periodontal bacteria was initially low. This result suggests that IgY-containing film should be used carefully in chronic periodontitis patients.
