Reaction Products on the Surface of Hydroxyapatite Treated with Stannous Fluoride

Abstract

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic analysis was used to detect the fluoride (F) and tin (Sn) compounds on the surface of hydroxyapatite (HAp) treated with stannous fluoride (SnF₂). Fluoridated hydroxyapatite (FHAp) and Sn compounds were detected by the measurement of F and Sn binding energies, and quantitative analysis for FHAp were performed by the measurement of Ca binding energy.
Three reaction products, FHAp, SnO and SnO₂, were detected on the surface (depth range of 0〜10.5nm) of HAp treated with SnF₂. The degree of fluoridation of FHAp increased when the HAp was treated with higher concentrations of SnF₂. Also, the degree of fluoridation of FHAp in the HAp was dependent on the depth from the surface.
Based on these results, we concluded that the cariostatic effect of SnF₂ application depends on the surface alteration of HAp with reaction products, not only FHAp, but also SnO and SnO₂.