Adsorption of glycosaminoglycans to titanium powder

Abstract

We investigated the adsorption of glycosaminoglycans(GAG) to non-treated titanium powder(Ti) and calcium-treated titanium powder(Ca-Ti). Two milliliters of aqueous solutions of the GAG, hyaluronic acid(HA), chondroitin 4-sulfate(CS) and dermatan sulfate(DS) were re-acted with 1g samples of the two materials for 24 hours at room temperature. Residual GAG was detected as hexuronic acid using the carbazoler reaction of better and muir in the superna-tant following recovery of the TiO_2-GAG complex by centrifugation at 5000 G for 1 min. We also examined overlap adsorption of GAG to titanium powder and used cellulose acetate electropho-resis to establish the presence of GAG. The adsorption of GAG to Ca-Ti was significantly greater than to Ti for all soluions. HA ad-sorption was less than that for CS and DS for both Ti and Ca-Ti. The overlap adsorption of CS to materials that already adsorbed HA was greater to Ca-Ti than to Ti. The overlap adsorption of DS to materials that already adsorbed both HA and CS was also greater to Ca-Ti than to Ti. Cellulose acetate electrophoresis indicated that there was no advanced adsorption of GAG in the supernatant. These findings suggest that the divalent cation Ca facilitates bridging of the polyanionic sur-faces of titanium oxide and GAG, and that adsorption of Ca to Titanium in human alveolar bone may be important in the interaction of GAG with titanium oxide.