Abstract
We investigated the impact of wave-ocean interaction on numerical predictions for Typhoon Hai-Tang in 2005 using a nonhydrostatic atmosphere model coupled with a third-generation ocean wave model and a mixed-layer ocean model. Here we address the effect of breaking surface waves on entrainment induced at the mixed-layer base, assuming that the turbulent transport due to breaking surface waves is expressed as a function of both wave-induced and surface wind stresses. The introduction of breaking surface waves into the coupled model enables us to reproduce the evolution of Hai-Tang's central pressure and sea-surface temperature (SST) distribution more realistically. SST decreases significantly (rarely) along Hai-Tang's track where the mixed-layer depth is relatively shallow (deep). Hai-Tang tends to intensify where the initial mixed layer is relatively deep along Hai-Tang's track. Introducing the wave-ocean interaction may lead to more precise tropical cyclone intensity prediction through more realistic reproduction of the SST distribution.
