Living Standards and Minimum Living Costs of Elderly Persons Living Alone

Abstract

The analyses in this report are based on a survey of members of Zenroren （National Confederation of Trade Unions）, and the estimation of the minimum cost of living is conducted utilizing a market-basket method system. This study notes a correlation between income and employment, housing type, neighbourhood relationship, and social participation. However, regardless of their incomes, having private means of mobility is a necessity for the elderly, and many participate in formal family occasions even though they cannot afford to do so. In addition, the lowest level of living expenses for the elderly living alone （70-year old women in Niigata City） was found to be approximately ¥157,000 （including tax and social insurance fee） per month. This figure is more than ¥20,000 greater than the average pension received by this demographic. The study also provides a glimpse of the lifestyle structure of the elderly, who cannot afford to cut back on daily necessities.