Transformation of the “Okochi―theory” in his Later Life and its Effect to the Advisory Council on Social Security

Abstract

Dr. Kazuo Okochi, in his later life, transformed the implication of “social policy” under the so―called “Okochi Theory” into the Integrated Social Policy by extending its scope vertically, to include the “consumption” aspect of life, as well as “horizontally”. He integrated social policy and social security, public assistance, and social welfare by utilizing the concept of “work”. Underlying this transformation in Okochi’s thinking was his undeterred belief that independence and self―responsibility, along with “work” as their embodiments, are fundamental for any human being. Okochi did not have the opportunity to assemble a General Recommendation at the Advisory Council on Social Security （ACSS） during his term as chairperson ; however, the integrated implementation of “traditional” social policy under Okochi theory, which focuses on the maintenance and cultivation of the labor force, and social security measures under his Integrated Social Policy concept gained influence after his death in 1984. It is important to utilize his transformed Integrated Social Policy ideas and his underlying views toward human beings and ideas. It is also important to evaluate the ACSS under Okochi and Dr. Mikio Sumiya, his successor, and to analyze the policies developed thereafter by examining current issues of labor and social security policy comprehensively.