Abstract
Fire evacuation procedures in high-rise buildings must be designed and implemented with stricter standards than those in ordinary buildings. The basic principles, specific evacuation methods, and new ideas that have emerged in recent years are explained below. The basic rule in case of a fire is not to use elevators. There is a possibility of power outages, smoke spreading, and elevators stopping in the event of a fire. The basic approach is to evacuate vertically using the stairs. The main means of the evacuation is to use the disaster prevention stairs. The following facilities are provided: fireproof and smokeproof structure, emergency lighting, handrails, guide-lights and outdoor stairs. These facilities do not allow smoke to stagnate. Some buildings have floors that can be used to temporarily ensure safety, such as sky lobbies or intermediate evacuation floors. Recent thinking has placed emphasis on fire-resistant/smoke-resistant shafts, the use of emergency power sources, and automatic avoidance of fire floors. An efficient and safe three-dimensional urban mobility system that realizes these functions is proposed in this study. In addition, the distance from the source of the fire to the farthest elevator is derived through a simulation.
