Abstract
After six kinds of cations (H+, K+, NH4+, Na+, Ca++ and Mg++) in their chloride solution were adsorbed by three kinds of clay-soils (Kaolinite, Allophane and Montmorillonite) tests were conducted on the following physical properties of these soils: 1) grain size distribution, 2) specific gravity, 3) settling volume in water, 4) coefficient of permeability, 5) plastic range, 6) soil suction, 7) water adsorption and surface area, and 8) defacement.
The property of soil changed under the different conditions of moisture. An investigation was conducted in general on the influence of the adsorbed ions upon the thickness and strength of the water-film surrounding a soil particle. It was carried out ranging from the saturation of the soil moisture to the desication.
1) The properties of the three kinds of clay-soils remarkably differed from one another.
2) The influence of the adsorbed ions was the most remarkable in the case of Montmorillonite, followed by Kaolinite. Very little influence was observed in the case of Allophane.
3) The influence proved to be the most remarkable within the range of pF 0-3.
4) As to Montmorillonite, Na-soil showed its singularity to all the soil properties and had remarkable hydrophilic properties.
5) As for Kaolinite, Na, NH4 and K-soil showed a considerable thixotropy at L. L.
6) The range of the pF of soils corresponded to P. L. and L. L. was rather narrow regardless of the kind of ion.
7) The results of the water-adsorption test were in conformity with the B. E. T, equation, and the surface area of the soil was 5-8m2/g on Kaolinite, 180-210m2/g on Allophane, and 130-220m2/g on Montmorillonite.
