Abstract
The guidelines, Evidence-based clinical guidelines for the management of biliary tract carcinoma, were published in Japanese by Igaku-Tosyo Suppan in 2007. Because three years has passed from the publication, the revision of the guidelines are about to begin. We reviewed the endoscopic role in the management of biliary tract carcinoma on guidelines revision. The main topics are as follows; 1) immunogloblin G4-related sclerosing cholangitis that mimics infiltrating hilar cholangiocarcinoma, 2) clinical utility of cholangioscopy for the preoperative assessment of bile duct carcinoma, 3) drainage methods for malignant hilar biliary obstruction.