1976 Volume 1976 Issue 87 Pages 138-144
Abstract: The history of the development of ideas and of advancements achieved in knowledge of various electronic properties of chars, carbons and graphites is presented. The subject is discussed by considering four periods: the early years, when carbons were not yet recognized as a separate class of solids (pre-1949), the pioneering period, when organized and planned research was begun at various places (1949-56), the start of international cooperation and the consolidation of carbon science (1957-64) and finally the most recent period of detailed studies and advancements on many fronts (1965-74). The main problems awaiting solution are indicated and the importance of carbon studies for the general understanding of the electronic processes in disordered solids is emphasized.