1993 Volume 1993 Issue 159 Pages 222-233
The formation process of ternary graphite intercalation compounds (GICs) containingtwo metalchlorides was discussed by reviewing the experimental results on the reactions betweeen the binarymetal chloride-GICs with either stage 1 or 2structure and another metal chloride, and also on thereaction between the mixtur of these two metal chlorides and host graphite. From the results on four systems (CuCl2-FeCl3, CuCl2-NiCl2, FeCl3-NiCl2, AlCl3-FeCl3), it was concluded that threefundamental reactions for the formation of ternary GICs wereessential; 1) intercalation into un-occupied graphite gallery; 2) exchangereaction between the intercalates, and 3) de-intercalation from the graphite gallery. The interaction between two intercalates, such as the formationof gaseous complex and molten salt, was shown to be also important tounderstand the formation process of ternary GICs.
