Mechanisms and Clinical Features of Relapse and/or Refractory to CAR T-cell Therapy

Abstract

 The prognosis for relapsed/refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and malignant lymphomas (diffuse large cell lymphoma, transformed follicular lymphoma, etc.) are poor. Since 2019, CD19-targeted chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy became available in Japan. While some patients respond to CAR T-cell therapy, many patients relapse or refractory to CAR T-cell therapy. Because of the high cost of CAR T-cell therapy, it is important to understand the mechanisms and clinical features of relapse and refractory to CAR T-cell therapy in order to make therapeutic strategies prior to CAR T-cell infusion as well as after failure of CAR T-cell therapy.