Species are shown by the history of character on individual Aconitum plants. Specifically, it is expressed by the evolutional location of three dimensional coordination consist of X-axis(Physical selection e.g. embryological morphology and ecological geography etc), Y-axis(Chemical selection e.g. molecular heredity and physiological chemistry etc) and Z-axis (Geohistorical selection e.g. pedelogical geology and absolute chronology etc). Subgenus Gymnaconitum: one yearly plants. C19-aconines generates by Wagner-Meerwein rearrangement of C20-gymnandines via 7.20-Mannich reaction of C20-atisines. This facts are the relix of metabolism in primitive Aconitum species (A. gymnandrum Maxim) Subgenus Aconitum: two yearly plants. From the existence of C19-protoaconines which was rcognized by us, theoretically and experimentally, the biosynthesis of C19-aconines was proceeded from Mannich reaction of the C19-protoaconines via the Wagner-Meerwein rearrangement of C20-atisines as the reverse course of the above Gymnaconitum. Subgenum Paraconitum: perennial plants. The biosynthesis is characterized by the oxygenation of 7,8-double bond of the C19-protoaconines.This phenomenon was also observed in the hybridization species of subgenus Aconitum. Thus further evolution of paraconitum metabolism occurres esterification with anthranilic acid derivatives or Baeyer-Villiger oxidation except methylation on 4-hydroxymethyl function of C19-lycoctonines.
