A Cross-sectional Study on Living Status and Cognitive Function Related to Fall-related Self-efficacy of the Community-dwelling Older Adults

Abstract

【Objective】The purpose of this study was to clarify the relationship between the biosocial rhythm, living function, and cognitive function and the fall-related self-efficacy（fall-SE）in community-dwelling older adults.

【Methods】 The participants included 52 older adults over 65 years of age. Fall-SE was measured using the Falls Efficacy Scale-International（FES-I）. The living status was estimated using a biosocial rhythm questionnaire and the Kihon checklist（KCL）. Executive function, estimated error on functional reach test, and estimated error on two-step test were used for cognitive function evaluation. Multiple regression analysis was performed to examine the factors related to fall-SE. The dependent variable was the FES-I score. The independent variables included the total score and scores of all subitems in the biosocial rhythm questionnaire and the total score and scores of all subitems in the KCL or each cognitive function evaluation.

【Results and Discussion】The mean age of participants was 75.3±6.5 years.The score of sleep quality in the biosocial rhythm questionnaire showed a significant negative association with FES-I（B =－2.148, 95% CI：－3.676, −0.620, p= 0.007）. The score of housebound in the KCL also showed a significant positive association with FES-I （B = 6.191, 95% CI：0.950, 11.433, p= 0.022）. Cognitive function showed no association with FES-I. Therefore, biosocial rhythm and living function were related to fall-SE. These results suggest that it is necessary to focus on sleep quality and housebound for examining the factors related to fall-SE.

【Conclusions】 In this study, we showed suggest that it is necessary to have a comprehensive view of not only the physical function but also the biosocial rhythm and life function in order to understand the fall-SE of community dwelling older adults.