Influence of Channeling Factor on Liquid Hold-ups in an Initially Unsoaked Bed

Abstract

One of the important factors for minimum energy consumption and CO₂ emission of a blast furnace (BF) is to elucidate the liquid flow phenomena and liquid hold-ups in the dripping zone of BF. Liquid hold-ups were studied by using a cold model of a fixed bed soaked prior to experiments (hereinafter called initially soaked bed), but the existing correlation equations derived from liquid hold-ups under initially soaked bed do not agree with liquid hold-ups under initially unsoaked bed such as the dripping zone of BF.
In the present study, correlation equations for liquid hold-ups in initially unsoaked bed were experimentally derived by a new approach, in which channeling factor (F_C) was proposed and defined as follows: F_C is the ratio of the number of liquid paths per one horizontal line to the number of voids between particles per the same horizontal line, and was measured by using the moving image of liquid paths photographed by a CCD video camera.
By using empirical equation for F_C, hold-ups in initially unsoaked bed were described as the following correlation equations.
Static hold-up H_S(I-UB) (%)= 0.9 ·H_{S(I SB)} ·F_C^0.8·Nc_m^-1
Dynamic hold-up H_{d(I UB)}(%)= 0.9 ·H_{d(I SB)} ·F^0.5_C
Total hold-up is the sum of H_s and H_d H_t (%)=H_s+H_d
where, Nc_m=1+(cosθ)³, and subscripts I-SB and I-UB designate quantities associated with initially soaked and unsoaked beds, respectively.
The comparison with the previous liquid hold-ups shows that the estimated hold-ups are in good agreement with the experimental values for any particle diameters used and both contact angles of 10° and 70° under initially unsoaked bed.