Regional Structure of the Metropolitan Area Based on Person Trips in Korea

A Comparative Analysis of 1977 and 1991

Abstract

The objective of this paper is to analyze comparatively the regional structure of the metropolitan area based on person trips in Korea, 1977 and 1991, namely the changing pattern of areal functional linkage and movemont patterns through time. This study, unlikely, the majority of studies which are concerned with flows or linkages at one point in time, concerned here, centers on the changes which will occur between 1977 and 1991. In Korea, the completion year of the 6th economic development five year plan will be in 1991. The basic information on person trips was collected from the KIST (Korean Institute of Science and Techniques) and similarly, the data of person trips for the metropolitan area of Korea is OD tables.
In this study, although there are many kinds of methods in order to make the OD table of the future, multiple regression analysis and Detroit method were used. The regression analysis was applied by using the total trips of each means of transportation as dependent variables and the indices on demographic character as independent variables. The basic forcasting models are as follows:
NUMBER OF TRAIN TRIPS
(Tt)=-2796.484F0.170P+0.577G (R²=0.92, F=29.84)
NUMBER OF BUS TRIPS
(Tb)=10497.156+0.0250P+0.544G (R²=0.83, F=19.0)
NUMBER OF CAR TRIPS
(Tc)=314.765-0.0782S+0.742G (R²=0.88, F=77.85)
NUMBER OF OTHERS TRIPS
(Tr)=be calculated by application the rate of increase on rent cars for tour, mainly.
NUMBER OF TOTAL TRIPS
(To)=3499.7342+0.3532 10^-3G (R²=0.91, F=110.89)
where P: zonal population, G: zonal G. N. P. and S: zonal service employment.
The next stage is the trip distribution process which number of trip for each zone was calculated by using Detroit model to the number of total trips that yielded by the forcasting model. In succession, this study was adopted some statistical techniques to the OD matrix which yielded above procedure.
Some results for the consideration of temporal variation in terms of the regional linkage system and the movement patterns in the metropolitan area Korea, are summarized as follows:
1. In order to clarify the regional system of this study area, the functional linkage system is considered here an a directed network. However, a unique technique was employed to supplement the weak points of the techniques which was developed by Nystuen and Dacey (1961) and Okuno (1972). The results of the analysis of temporal variation say that the metropolitan area is composed of only one linkage system in both 1977 and 1991. Further, the terminal node of this system is Seoul. The basic linkage system has not shown significant changes between the both years implied as a primate type system (Fig. 3).
2. In general, cartographic analysis reveals a complex pattern of flows, but the factor analysis, therefore, was applied to the OD matrix (31×31), which was transformed into root, to determine the major movement patterns of places of origin or destination. The utility of factor analysis in deriving nodal systems from data on flows among a set of places is well accepted recently. The movement patterns between origins and destinations in the metropolitan area, Korea, is used to illustrate the utility of factor analysis (R-mode) in the delineation of a nodal system. Having indicated the major origin-destination patterns or subsystems, it is convenient to return to cartographic analysis developed by Goddard (1970) which delineates each of these on the map. Each group of destination (factor loadings: greater than ±0.5) to its respective set of common origins (factor scores: greater than ±1.0) is linked automatically. The writer has some questions for his method so that modified it a little; there are two problems. The first one