Abstract
Continuous zinc oxide (ZnO) films were formed on glass substrates by using a two-step method, including seed layer formation by dip-coating and subsequent growth by chemical bath deposition (CBD). The rod-like ZnO particles, which were used as a seed layer, were deposited by dipping the substrates into a tetraamine zinc solution. After the seed layer formation, ZnO was grown by CBD. Larger rod-like ZnO particles were synthesized from the base aqueous solution prepared by mixing ZnO, nitric acid, aqueous ammonia, and deionized water. Trisodium citrate and sodium chloride, which were added to the base aqueous solution, influenced surface morphologies and structural properties of ZnO. When trisodium citrate was used, the morphologies changed from rod-like ZnO particles to continuous ZnO films. However, the intensity of the ZnO (002) diffraction peak decreased with increasing trisodium citrate concentration. Continuous ZnO films with a preferred c-axis orientation were obtained from the aqueous solution containing both trisodium citrate and sodium chloride.
