The Time Interval from Meal to Peak Postprandial Glucose Levels Measured by Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Pregnant Women with Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Background: Strict glycemic control is mandatory to decrease the risks of fetal and maternal complications in pregnant diabetic patients. However, the optimal time to measure the postprandial glucose levels has not yet been determined. Objectives: This study examined the duration of time from the start of the meal to reach the peak postprandial glucose level (postprandial glucose peak time) by continuous glucose monitoring (CGM). Methods: The blood glucose levels were measured 35 times in 29 pregnant women with diabetes mellitus (DP group) during a six- to 36-week period. The data were compared to seven controls who were not pregnant and had normal glucose tolerance (N group) as tested by the 75 g OGTT (oral glucose tolerance test). Results: The mean postprandial glucose peak time was 81#177;15 minutes in the DP group, which was significantly longer than that in the N group (52#177;13 minutes, p<0.0001). The mean postprandial glucose peak time was positively correlated with the gestational age of the fetus in the DP group (r=0.45, p<0.01). Conclusion: The time interval from meal to the peak postprandial glucose level is prolonged with gestational age in pregnant diabetic patients. This information should be considered when managing pregnant diabetic patients.