Abstract
Most of infectious diseases are intricately linked to the global environment. Alterations of environment like global warming have a significant potential to intensify selected infectious diseases. Climatic effects are predicted to include crowding, famine, water contamination, human migration, and alterations in vector ecology, all of which increase infectious diseases.
The fist line to protect body from the attack of pathogens by innate immune system.
The innate immune system plays a crucial part in the initiation and subsequent direction of adaptive immune responses. Moreover, because there is a delay of 4–7 days before the initial adaptive immune response takes effect, the innate immune response has a critical role in controlling infections during this period.
The present study was carried out to investigate the immunmodulating activity of WK4 on the expression of nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-a), interferon stimulated gene factor 3 (IRF3), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), interferon gamma(IFN-r) and Nuclear factor kaffa B (NF-kB). The phagocytosis of peritoneal macrophage by uptaking E.coli FITC between WK4-untreated and WK4-treated group was compared. Significant augmentation in the phagocytosis of WK4-treated peritoneal macrophage was seen compare to untreated group. It also enhanced the survival rate of E. coli infected mice by augmenting the phagocytosis activity of macrophages. These results support that WK4 effectively prevented infection by E. coli by the activation of peritoneal macrophage. WK4 would be useful to prevent pathogenic microbial infection in human and farm animals.
