Regulatory mechanisms of MMP and TIMP-1 expression by uremic toxins, indoxyl sulfate, in human dermal fibroblasts

Abstract

In patients with chronic renal failure, uremic toxins such as indoxyl sulfate (IS), which were accumulated in the body, have been reported to provide adverse effects on the skin. Although the dysregulation of cutaneous collagen metabolism is closely related to skin barrier dysfunction such as dry skin, it is not clear how IS regulates the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), which are pivotal enzyme for cutaneous collagen metabolism. In this study, we investigated the effects of IS on the expression of MMPs and tissue inhibitor-1 of MMPs (TIMP-1) in human dermal fibroblasts (HDF).