Isolation of an Egg-Adapted Influenza A(H3N2) Virus without Amino Acid Substitutions at the Antigenic Sites of Its Hemagglutinin

Abstract

Antigenic changes in the hemagglutinin protein of recent A(H3N2) viruses often arise when these viruses adapt to their egg host. By serial egg passages of a cell-propagated virus, we successfully isolated an egg-adapted influenza A(H3N2) virus, A/Saitama/103/2014, without amino acid substitutions at the antigenic sites of its hemagglutinin protein but with multiple substitutions in its neuraminidase protein. Antigenic analysis of this egg-adapted A/Saitama/103/2014 virus indicated that its antigenicity did not differ from that of the World Health Organization prototype cell-propagated vaccine virus: A/Hong Kong/4801/2014. Our results suggest that this strategy may facilitate egg-based vaccine production without antigenic alterations in hemagglutinin by egg adaptation.