Abstract
Since the start of Global Polio Eradication Initiative in 1988, poliomyelitis cases caused by wild poliovirus (PV) were drastically reduced to only 74 cases in 2 endemic countries in 2015. With established vaccine campaign, current limited PV transmission suggested the endgame of the polio eradication program. In the endgame, we have emerging challenges specific to the endgame; tight budget, switching of the vaccines, and changes in the biorisk management. To overcome these challenges, several projects of PV study attract attention in the eradication program. Some of these emerging challenges/projects of PV study might arise as critical issues in the other eradication programs of the infectious diseases. Here, I will review state of the art of PV study and challenges that confront the polio eradication program.
