Acta Medica Nagasakiensia
Print ISSN : 0001-6055
Volume 61, Issue 2
Acta Medica Nagasakiensia
Displaying 1-6 of 6 articles from this issue
ORIGINAL ARTICLES
  • Seiichiro Shimauchi, Masato Tomita, Isao Shimokawa, Ko Chiba, Akihiko ...
    2017 Volume 61 Issue 2 Pages 49-54
    Published: 2017
    Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2018
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The growth hormone–insulin-like growth factor-1 (GH–IGF-1) axis plays an important role in the effects of caloric restriction (CR) on lifespan extension and may elicit effects on bone metabolism in CR animals. We compared the effects of the GH– IGF-1 axis suppression and CR on bone metabolism. We used Wistar rats fed ad libitum (control group) or fed a 30% calorierestricted diet in CR group and heterozygous transgenic (F1) rats whose GH-IGF-1 axis is moderately suppressed. There was no significant difference in serum IGF-1 concentration between control and CR rats; however, IGF-1 was significantly lower in F1 rats than in other groups. The bone volume fraction (BV/TV) was significantly lower in CR than in the control. The mean SMI value in CR rats was marginally significant difference from that in control rats, Although there was no difference in serum IGF-1 concentrations between CR and control rats, bone volume was lower, and higher SMI was observed in the former. The serum IGF-1 levels in F1 rats were lower than those of controls, but the bone volume and SMI in F1 were not different. Therefore, the effects of bone metabolism in CR rats may be different from those in the GH-IGF-1 suppression rats.
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  • Atsushi Nanashima, Goushi Murakami, Katsunori Takagi, Junichi Arai, Yo ...
    2017 Volume 61 Issue 2 Pages 55-60
    Published: 2017
    Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2018
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Aim: Ghrelin is a peptide that is secreted from the stomach and plays a role in appetite, weight gain, and skeletal muscle composition. In the present clinical study, we examined the relationship between ghrelin level and physiology in patients who had undergone major liver and pancreas surgery. Methods: Serum ghrelin level was measured before and after hepatectomy and pancreatectomy. The relationships between nutritional status and postoperative alterations of parameters including the ghrelin level were examined. Results: In 32 patients, the preoperative plasm acyl- (AG) or des-acyl-ghrelin (DAG) and AG/DAG ratio were not significantly different based on gender, type of operation, age and each disease. AG tended to be correlated with the respiration quotient but this was not statistically significant (p=0.08). AG was significantly negatively correlated with hemoglobin and albumin levels. The postoperative plasma ghrelin level was significantly decreased at day 1 in comparison with preoperative levels (p < 0.05) and recovered to preoperative levels at day 3. There were no significant differences between hepatectomy and pancreatectomy groups, with no changes of postoperative metabolic parameters. Conclusions: Although serum ghrelin level was transiently decreased, this level was immediately recovered and not influenced by the surgical procedures or its invasiveness.
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  • Jun Koyamatsu, Yuji Shimizu, Koichiro Kadota, Mako Nagayoshi, Hirotomo ...
    2017 Volume 61 Issue 2 Pages 61-65
    Published: 2017
    Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2018
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Background: Although we reported in a previous study that diabetes with a high serum triglycerides to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG-HDL) ratio constitutes a risk for atherosclerosis, associations in terms of TG-HDL ratio between diabetes and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), which is also known as an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis, have not yet been clarified. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that a positive association between GGT and diabetes may be confined to high TG-HDL. Methods:This was a cross-sectional study of 2,302 Japanese subjects who were undergoing a general health check in 2014. All subjects were divided into TG-HDL level tertiles and serum GGT and diabetes status were investigated. Results: Of 207 diabetes patients identified in this study, 94 had high TG-HDL, 63 intermediate TG-HDL, and 50 low TG-HDL. Independent of classical cardiovascular risk factors, serum GGT showed a positive association with diabetes in patients with high TG-HDL, but not in patients with intermediate and low TG-HDL diabetes. The multivariable adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% coincidence intervals (95%CI) of diabetes for 1 standard deviation (SD) increment of GGT were 1.64 (95%CI: 1.16-2.31) for high TG-HDL, 1.46 (95%CI: 0.95-2.26) for intermediate TG-HDL, and 1.04 (95%CI: 0.60-1.79) for low TG-HDL diabetes. Conclusion: Serum GGT is positively associated with diabetes in patients with high TG-HDL but not with intermediate or low TG-HDL diabetes. This finding may prove to be an efficient tool for estimating atherosclerotic risk in diabetes patients.
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  • Kosho Yamanouchi, Sayaka Kuba, Chika Sakimura, Mitsuhisa Takatsuki, Na ...
    2017 Volume 61 Issue 2 Pages 67-70
    Published: 2017
    Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2018
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Background: Recently, the placement of drains in thyroidectomy has been debated. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy and safety of no placement of drains in hemithyroidectomy. Methods: After obtaining approval from the Institutional Review Board, we started not placing drains during surgery in adult patients who underwent hemithyroidectomy with or without central neck lymph node dissection for benign thyroid nodules or well-differentiated thyroid cancer, with informed consent being obtained. We compared the clinical data of the patients without drain placement (n=19) to the historical data of consecutive patients with a suction drain (n=20). Results: The operative wound and amount and characteristics of the drainage fluid were monitored every 2 h after the operation until the following morning, in addition to monitoring the oxygen saturation and an electrocardiogram. The proportion of patients undergoing cervical lymph node dissection was identical between the groups. The drain was removed on Day 1 after surgery in 19 patients and on Day 2 after surgery in 1 patient. The patients without a drain showed a significantly shorter postoperative hospital stay than those with a drain (4.0 vs. 4.5 days, respectively, p=0.03). No patients in either group experienced postoperative bleeding or seroma or wound infection. Conclusion: The hemithyroidectomy patients without a drain were able to be discharged earlier than those with a drain and without any adverse events, provided they received close monitoring after surgery.
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  • Seigo Yamada, Akira Imamura, Sumihisa Honda, Ryoichiro Iwanaga, Kenich ...
    2017 Volume 61 Issue 2 Pages 71-79
    Published: 2017
    Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2018
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Adolescents with reading literacy difficulty with comorbid attention deficit hyperactivity disorder are often at a greater risk for problems of communication, and behavioral and mental health challenges. We aimed to examine literacy weakness for the native Japanese language of KOKUGO and the foreign language of ENGLISH as perceived by Japanese adolescents. We also aimed to analyze the relationship between literacy weakness and inattention and hyperactivity characteristics. We conducted a largescale questionnaire survey of 2987 junior high school students. We used logistic regression analysis to examine the data from the self-report Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), the General Health Questionnaire-12, and adolescents’ perceptions of their command of KOKUGO and ENGLISH. We found a significant association between perceived literacy for both languages and SDQ inattention and hyperactivity characteristics. Reading difficulties in ENGLISH may be addressed by introducing ENGLISH at an earlier age supported by clinically enhanced pedagogy.
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CASE REPORT
  • Shohei Matsubayashi, Ritsu Tsujimoto, Makoto Osaki
    2017 Volume 61 Issue 2 Pages 81-85
    Published: 2017
    Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2018
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Chronic rupture of both tendons of the peroneus longus and brevis is rare. Thus, it is difficult to diagnose and often overlooked. Since the peroneal tendons are the primary evertors of the foot and function as lateral ankle stabilizers, their rupture results in ankle sprain. We present a case with dynamic supination deformity during ambulation and hindfoot varus induced by chronic rupture of both tendons of the peroneus longus and brevis. We treated the patient with split anterior tibial tendon transfer and Dwyer calcaneal osteotomy. The dynamic supination deformity during ambulation and the hindfoot varus were improved, but a dorsal bunion remained, which was suggestive of residual dysfunction of the tendon of the peroneus longus.
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