Communications of the Japan Association of Real Options and Strategy
Online ISSN : 2189-6585
ISSN-L : 2189-6585
Volume 8, Issue 3
Displaying 1-8 of 8 articles from this issue
Preface
Reviewed Paper
  • Kiyokazu Sato
    2016 Volume 8 Issue 3 Pages 21-32
    Published: 2016
    Released on J-STAGE: July 14, 2017
    RESEARCH REPORT / TECHNICAL REPORT FREE ACCESS
    Stocks are securities embedding two contingent clams consisted of residual assets and dividend distribution. These claims yield a future pay-off replicated as real option for stockholders. Accountability in corporate accounting represents the responsibility of reporting the useful information to evaluate these two clams. It follows that firms’ managers ultimately execute their accountabilities by reporting the real option value included in stocks. This paper indicates that some stock valuation models are derived by double account system supporting this execution of accountability. On that basis, we demonstrate the characteristics of these valuation models by illustrating internet business company faced a heightened risk. Superiority of residual income option model is inferred by Monte-Carlo simulation and sensitivity analysis.
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  • Real Options on Consumer Price Index
    Soichiro Moridaira, Tomonori Yuyama
    2016 Volume 8 Issue 3 Pages 33-46
    Published: 2016
    Released on J-STAGE: July 14, 2017
    RESEARCH REPORT / TECHNICAL REPORT FREE ACCESS
    In this paper, we first overview several issues related to price-linked government bonds in several countries in terms of the policy background and conditions of issuance, then we discuss risk premium and principal guarantee option when extracting the expected inflation rate by Break-Even Inflation rate (BEI) . When we try to derive the pricing model for the principal guarantee option premium, we employ the pricing kernel (SDG: Stochastic Discount Factor) approach. Therefor we can obtain the value of guarantee as a put option pricing formula by maximizing the expected utility from consumption of representative investors. Regardless of the fact that we assumed the investors are risk averse, it is possible to derive risk neutral valuation formula, which is free from the risk preference and the expectation of the investors. We also derive the exact formula for the future deflation probability embedded in the equilibrium price. It can be shown that necessary information to compute the probability comes from the market price of actual nominal discount bonds and inflation-indexed government bonds only. We also discussed the possibility of estimating the degree of risk aversion of the representative investors based on the Japanese government bond price.
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