[Purpose] The purpose is to understand the characteristics of social participation activities in elderly households living in the community． [Subjects and Methods] 700 elderly householders living in the area who are not certified as nursing care． [Results] Mail survey． The survey items are age, gender, family structure, presence or absence of certification for long-term care, and eight items in ”Regional activities” in ”Nursing care prevention / daily living area needs survey”． [Conclusion] It is necessary for long-term care prevention to support participation in these activities as an index in elderly households．

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[Purpose] To examine how differences in the swinging leg from a stationary stance affect the movement strategy at the start of walking. [Subjects and Methods] Twenty-one young adults were included in the study. The dominant foot was determined using a questionnaire. Two conditions were set for the measurement task: the start of walking from a stationary standing position, and the swinging leg from the dominant or non-dominant foot. A three-dimensional motion analysis system and a floor reaction force meter were used to analyze the floor reaction force and joint moment, and to examine the influence on the movement strategy.[Results] The dominant foot was the right one for all of them. There was a significant difference in the hip flexion moment of the swinging leg and the supporting leg and the left-right component of the floor reaction force when walking with the dominant leg compared with walking with the non-dominant leg. [Conclusion] It was suggested that differences in the function of the dominant and non-dominant foot affect the motor strategy in walking from a stationary standing position.

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[Purpose] We looked into the effects of yoga practice as mindfulness training (MT) on mind wandering (MW) and emotion. [Subjects and Methods] Subjects were eight healthy female vocational school students. They practiced 30 minutes of yoga while anchoring attention to their breathing and bodily sensations, measuring and comparing their pulse rate, the number of MW during sitting meditation, and tense arousal (TA), before and after intervention． [Results] The decrease in the number of MW and TA score was significant after intervention as compared to before yoga practice (P＜0.05), and in relation to the rate of change before and after intervention, there was a strong positive correlation between the number of MW and TA score (r=0.77, P＜0.05)． [Conclusion] The study suggested that short-term yoga practice may cause improved attention control function, reduce MW, and lower negative feelings such as anxiety and tension.

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[Purpose] This study is to clarify the effect of aerobic training exercise on capillary architecture in slow oxidative muscle, the 3-D capillarity have been investigated．　 [Materials and Methods] Twelve Male Wistar rats aged 6 weeks were divided into two group at random. Each soleus muscle, Control group (Con group, n = 6) and age-matched male Wistar rats that performed aerobic low intensity exercise (Ex group, n=6) were used. Vascular endothelial growth factor expression (VEGF), succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) activity and 3-D architecture were compered between before and after aerobic exercise. [Results] Measurements of after exercise are bigger than before exercise on VEGF, SDH, capillary diameter and capillary volume. [Conclusion] In this experiment, it was clearly shown by 3-D muscle capillary analysis that the effect of aerobic exercise on rat slow muscle was improved in muscle metabolism．

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Neuromuscular Joint Facilitation (NJF) is a new therapeutic exercise based on the knowledge of kinesiology, that integrates the facilitation element of PNF and the joint composition movement, and improves the movement of the joint by passive exercise, active exercise, and resistance exercise. The history, theoretical system, treatment technology, indications, research results, etc. of NJF will be introduced.

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