Here, we report a case of kerion celsi due to Microsporum canis. The patient was a 5-year-old girl who had palm-sized alopecic patches with severe inflammation on the top of her scalp. We diagnosed this to be tinea capitis, and fungal culture proved the cause to be M. canis. She was previously diagnosed with scalp eczema at another hospital and had been treated with topical steroids. However, when she visited our hospital, she had a fever and fatigue, and her general condition was poor. Therefore, she needed to be hospitalized for treatment for a period of 9 days. In addition, she was treated with itraconazole (50mg/day) for 75 days. 　Almost one year before she became infected, her family cared for a cat in the family home for three months. The patient began noticing scalp symptoms 8 months after the cat had left the family domicile. This suggests that hair and debris from the cat infected with M. canis remained in the house and could have been the source of infection.

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　This article outlines the relationship between medical mycology and pathology from the dawn of medical mycology in Japan to the present day. Part of medical mycology, which consists of a wide range of research fields including not only basic and clinical medicine but also agriculture, veterinary medicine, and so on has a very close relationship with pathology. When medical mycology was first organized as an academic society, its meetings featured many lectures by medical mycologists with a deep knowledge of pathology. Eventually, with the development of diagnostic pathology and the implementation of the residency system, pathologists became involved in medical mycology as experts in pathology, as the field became more specialized. This paper produces the achievements of several pathologists who have made significant contributions to medical mycology in Japan through this process.
　The author concludes by mentioning the importance of the collaborative evolution of medical mycology and pathology.

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