Memoirs of Institute of Social Sciences,Meiji University
Online ISSN : 2758-7649
Print ISSN : 0389-5971
Current issue
Displaying 1-7 of 7 articles from this issue
  • Ryuta Ray KATO
    2024 Volume 63 Issue 1 Pages 1-29
    Published: October 15, 2024
    Released on J-STAGE: October 15, 2024
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    This paper has explored the impact of COVID-19 on the Japanese economy within a static computable general equilibrium model. The results are as follows: First, the GDP of Japan decreased by 4.21%, and the welfare loss reached up to 15.4 trillion yen. Second, the professional service sector was most negatively affected, and its negative impact resulted in the decrease in GDP by 1.65%. The usual service sector was also negatively affected, and its negative impact on GDP was a 1.40% decrease. This negative impact induced a decrease in welfare by 4.7 trillion yen. The third sector negatively affected was the transportation/machinery sector, and its negative impact resulted in the decrease in welfare by 4.5 trillion yen. Furthermore, there were several sectors which were positively affected. The retail sector enjoyed a positive effect to increase GDP by 1.03%, and the positive impact on the information sector resulted in an increase in GDP by 0.52%. These positive impacts induced an increase in welfare by 3.13 trillion and 1.4 trillion yen, respectively. Third, the government policy stimulated GDP by 1.39%, and the positive impact by the government policy improved welfare by 2.7 trillion yen. Finally, such a government policy supported the Japanese economy: the reduction of GDP was weakened by the policy from 4.21% to 2.91%, and welfare loss became smaller from 15.4 trillion to 13 trillion yen.
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  • Cooperation and Tension in the Alliance in 1950
    Taketo SUZUKI
    2024 Volume 63 Issue 1 Pages 30-49
    Published: October 15, 2024
    Released on J-STAGE: October 15, 2024
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Historians should not regard the early Cold War as a US-Soviet bipolar world. The article focused on the year 1950 in that period US regarded UK as the only strategic partner that had had world-wide influences. US supported the declining empire in the implementation of containment policy against the Soviet Union. UK as the partner tried to influence on the US policy in terms of keeping its world-wide influences. While there was some tensions between US and UK, they had kept a cooperative hegemony over the world in order to contain the expansion of the Soviet influences.
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  • Ikushi Yamaguchi
    2024 Volume 63 Issue 1 Pages 50-83
    Published: October 15, 2024
    Released on J-STAGE: October 15, 2024
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Organizational commitment is a bond with an organization based on dedication and attachment to the organization. The COVID-19 disaster facilitated the introduction of telework, creating a situation where workers belong to an organization but do not show up at the office. Hence, face-to-face interactions and communication are restricted, which may reduce loyalty and attachment to the organization. On the other hand, some studies have reported that there is no relationship between ICT and organizational commitment (Jacobs, 2004) or that ICT use is indirectly related to organizational commitment through several variables (Snyder & Cistulli, 2020). It is not clear whether ICT use increases or decreases workers' organizational commitment or whether there is a direct or indirect relationship between effective ICT use and organizational commitment. Several mediating variables may be present. Some studies have also shown that effective face-to-face communication, such as information exchange, is positively related to organizational commitment (e.g., Carriere & Bourque, 2009). Since ICT is a medium for exchanging and sharing information among members of an organization, effective use of ICT may be useful in improving the quality and efficiency of such organizational communication. However, few studies have investigated how ICT, organizational communication, and organizational commitment are related. Elucidating the mechanism is important and is expected to make a significant academic contribution. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to clarify the mechanism by which organizational communication mediates the relationship between effective use of ICT and organizational commitment, and to validate the model. The findings obtained are also expected to make a practical contribution in terms of providing ideas and suggestions for organizational management to consider new work style reforms. For this purpose, the present researcher conducted an internet questionnaire survey and collected the data from 500 white-collar workers in Japan in December 2021. Structural equation model (SEM) and bootstrap tests were conducted for testing the goodness of fit of the of the mediating model and finding indirect relationships between exogenous and endogenous variables, respectively. ICTs, exogenous variables, are e-mail, enterprise groupware, and web meeting media. Endogenous variables are three dimensions of organizational commitment: affective, normative, and continuance commitment. Mediating variables are three dimensions of organizational communication: open communication atmosphere (or climate), satisfaction with the amount of downward communication from immediate leaders/superiors and from top management/organization. 27 models were analyzed. As a result of the data analyses, the implementation of ICT per se was not related to any dimensions of organizational commitment. However, in all models, three dimensions of organizational communication fully or partially mediated the relationships between effective use of ICT and organizational commitment. Even in models with the mediating effects, the beta coefficients of the relationships between endogenous and exogenous variables were very small. Based on the results, several academic implications are discussed. At a time when workstyles are being transformed by the COVID-19 pandemic and ICT is becoming an essential communication medium, the academic and practical contribution of this study in elucidating how the effective use of ICT is related to workers' organizational commitment is significant.
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  • Effects of Proactive Behavior and Communication in Hierarchical Accountability Process
    Maiko Kodama
    2024 Volume 63 Issue 1 Pages 84-101
    Published: October 15, 2024
    Released on J-STAGE: October 15, 2024
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    This study aims to elucidate the mechanisms through which Enabling Performance Management Systems (EPMS) influence job performance. Specifically, this study empirically examines (1) the mediating effect of proactive behavior on the relationship between EPMS and managerial job performance, and (2) the moderating effect of communication between superiors and subordinates in the hierarchical accountability process on the relationship between EPMS and proactive behavior. A survey was conducted on 500 middle managers working in Japanese companies, and the data were analyzed using hierarchical regression analysis. The results revealed that proactive behavior plays a crucial mediating role in the relationship between EPMS and job performance. Additionally, the findings suggest that the effect of EPMS on promoting proactive behavior is strengthened when there is more frequent communication between superiors and subordinates in the hierarchical accountability process.
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  • Kazuo KIKUCHI
    2024 Volume 63 Issue 1 Pages 102-117
    Published: October 15, 2024
    Released on J-STAGE: October 15, 2024
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    This study focuses on pop-up store research as a material for reexamining the significance of real stores in the liquid society. Through the literature review, this study clarified the emergence of new research areas and the shifts in interest in these areas, and found the following
    ・The characteristics of pop-up stores have led to the development of research in a variety of areas, and the research subject itself has expanded.
    ・The research is developing from research based on the premise of a dyadic relationship between pop-up stores and consumers to research on network relations that expands the scope to include related actors.
    ・Future research should consider the positioning of pop-up stores in the context of overall organizational strategies.
    ・It is important to investigate the circumstances under which a pop-up store can function effectively.
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  • Yoshihiro Asai
    2024 Volume 63 Issue 1 Pages 118-131
    Published: October 15, 2024
    Released on J-STAGE: October 15, 2024
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    In August 2022, the study conducted another survey of 1,000 individuals who had been surveyed about their level of financial and insurance knowledge as of December 2019, and received responses from 637 respondents. The results will reveal what financial choices consumers with higher levels of financial knowledge as of 2019 made between 2020 and 2022. I show that consumers with higher levels of financial knowledge tend to purchase new financial products. I also find that consumers with higher levels of financial knowledge tended to initiate the use of QR code payments. Furthermore, I find that consumers with high levels of financial knowledge tended to be aware of information on NISA system reforms and iDeCo system reforms. On the other hand, I expected that consumers with higher levels of financial knowledge would tend to obtain new information about the free treatment of new coronavirus, but I confirmed that there is no significant relationship with financial knowledge.
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  • : Issues and Prospects for the Transition from a Legislative Movement to an Associated Work Movement.
    KENDO OTAKA
    2024 Volume 63 Issue 1 Pages 132-166
    Published: October 15, 2024
    Released on J-STAGE: October 15, 2024
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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