All articles discussing about restoration of endodontically treated teeth published in 9 dental journals from 1983 to 1985 in Japan and U.S.A. were summarized. Total number of the articles was 126. The following topics were reviewed.
1. relationship between the length of dowel and apical seal of endodontically treated teeth
2. diameter of dowel
3. fitness of dowel
4. ferrule effect
5. dentin smeared layer
6. retention of dowel
7. resistence of dowel
8. fabricating a dowel core to salvage an acceptable crown
9. root fracture
10. temporary restoration
11. new materials and technique
12. gingival pigmentation produced by metal core

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The bucco-lingual contour of the restoration plays an important role in maintaining health of periodontal tissue. There were numerous articles concerning axial contours and those may be divided into two groups including the normal contour and under contour. The former was based on the theory of protecting gingiva from mechanical injury, and the latter was based on the theory of self-cleansing. The theory of gingival protection has been advocated in many textbooks with little scientific evidence. The theory of self-cleansing is supported by experimental evidence that plaque is the primary etiology in periodontal disease.
Though the axial contour consists of supragingival and subgingival portions, many articles were only concerned with supragingival contour. The majority of these articles reported that the less convexity of supragingival contour accumulated less plaque at the cervical region. And other articles reported that such less convexity increased the stimulation to the gingival margin during mastication, but did not produce any significant changes in healthy gingiva. The food often reaches to the gingival margin of the axial surfaces on the side of functional cusp (upper lingual and lower buccal surfaces) . So, those surfaces should be shaped normal or less contour.
On the other hand, the degree of the subgingival convexity, which is more important to the gingival health than the supragingival one because of the proximity to the internal surface of free gingiva, is rarely reported. The subgingival convexity of the crown should not be made over-contoured so as not to congest the free marginal gingiva or tear its periodontal fibers.

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When fabricating restorations, cumurative errors including dimensional changes of the materials, technical errors, and other factors, have undue effect upon the accuracy of the final prosthesis. In order to compensate or correct those errors it is effective to apply remount procedure prior to cementation of the restoration.
Remount procedure consists of the complex steps, however, is mandatory to eliminate unnecessary occlusal adjustment in the mouth, and thus is able to perform accurate organic occlusion. Further accomplishment of the excellent result of the final restoration is expected if cementation procedure is carefully achieved.
Although it is ideal if the prosthesis is cemented on the abutment exactly as the same as on the articulator, it is difficult to maintain remount accuracy in the mouth due to cement medium which prevents complete seating of the restoration. To overcome such cementing error, several factors concerning with seating of the casting such as tooth-preparation, impression, die-spacing, fit of the casting and so on, should be considered.
Articulated casts provide solid-body image for the human mouth, but the stomatognathic system is flexible and responds to the external and internal stimuli applied. Even when dealing with the articulated stone casts, it is suggested not to forget the biological mechanism of the stomatognathic system.

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As every gnathologist knows Organic occlusion is the most kindest kind of occlusion for natural dentition. When we reconstruct the mouth we have to copy this kind of occlusion artificially.
We call the occlusion which is highly precisely copied artificial organic occlusion as Gnathological occlusion.
The cusp-fossa waxing technique has been advocated to fabricate Gnathological occlusion and was introduced by Dr. Peter K. Thomas. The purpose of this article is to explain the modified practical technique for cusp-fossa waxing. This modified technique features fish-mouth morphology emphasizing marginal ridges and buccal and lingual cusp ridges. To realize existence of those ridges, it is now feasible to fabricate natural looking tooth shape, thus avoiding unduly flat occlusal surfaces.
This technique provides several advantages including high quality and time saving waxing technique and result in better prosthesis. Among the above, it is significant to obey regular steps which compose every factor of Gnathological occlusion.

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