Purpose: Liver transplant recipients who undergo transplantation at an early age transition from parental management for taking medications, visiting doctors, and managing their everyday lives to self-management as they grow and develop. However, during adolescence, the incidence of medication nonadherence and missed medical visits is high. Therefore, this study aimed to review the literature on scales useful for nurses to evaluate the state of transition from parental management to self-management in pediatric liver transplant recipients.

Methods: The keywords “Child,” “Liver Transplantation,” “Self-Management,” and “Self Care” were searched on Ichushi-Web, PubMed, CINAHL, and MEDLINE from January 1, 2010 to June 30, 2023, and seven references were selected.

Results: Although the measures included Allocation of Responsibility, the Responsibility and Familiarity with Illness Survey, Developmentally Based Healthcare Management Skills Checklist, the Healthcare Skills Checklist Tool, Global Assessment Measure, and Transition Readiness Survey: Adolescent/Young Adult Version, they were not used to evaluate recipients’ transitioning from parental management to self-management. Furthermore, this transition was considered in the international literature section as a part of transition from pediatric to adult care. Thus, these items in the scales were unsuitable for the current healthcare situation in Japan, where the transition from pediatric to adult care is scarcely discussed.

Conclusion: In the future, a scale to evaluate the transition from parental management to self-management of pediatric liver transplant recipients should be developed for Japanese nurses.

The aim of this research was to clarify post-renal transplant patients’ emotions and the effects on their lifestyle after the start of the Covid-19 pandemic. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with nine post-renal transplant patients and were analyzed qualitatively. Emotions were categorized into eight categories, with “Fluctuating feelings over continuing immunosuppressants,” and “Feeling reassured about the usefulness of post-renal operative self-management skills,” and “Positive perceptions due to abundant experience as patient in past” particular to post-renal transplant patients. Effects on lifestyles were categorized into four categories, among these, “Prioritizing infection prevention in business and personal life resulting in changes in lifestyle and interpersonal relationships” includes weight gain, which indicate it was an effect that may contribute to decreased function in a transplanted kidney.

Interventions by health care providers, such as early provision of information specifically for post-renal transplant patients, support to maintain medication adherence for patient anxious about infection, timely updates to the content of patient education, preparation of a consulting system which limits fear of infection are necessary in the case of a future emerging outbreak.