The purpose of this study was to disclose the types of support which nurse managers expected from Chief Nursing Officers (CNOs). Among 371 nurse managers (NMs) from 23 participating hospitals in Japan, 231 NMs responded. Free descriptive answers to a question, “What kind of support are you expecting from CNOs?” were analyzed qualitatively. The following five categories were extracted from their answers: “CNOs' understanding of actual conditions of the clinical site,” “timely intervention by CNOs,” “overseeing NMs' daily management,” “approving NMs' daily management,” and “CNOs working on improving their own behaviors and attitudes”. NMs considered the “CNOs' understanding of the actual conditions” as the precondition of all types of supports provided to NMs, and valued a good balance between “overseeing” and “evaluation” of NMs' daily management. Furthermore, CNOs were expected to exhibit a consistent “vision” as one of the “behaviors and attitudes,” such that NMs could behave and judge their manager based on self-confidence.

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This study aimed to reveal nursing students' knowledge of measures for handling difficulties in drawing venous blood. A questionnaire was sent to 98 fourth-year students of a nursing college. They were asked to describe their experience of undergoing venous blood sampling and measures for handling difficulties in drawing venous blood. Sixty-four students responded (65.3%). Of the respondents, 32.8% reported being told a vein was too small for blood sampling, 15.6% reported having a vasovagal reaction, and 42.1% reported donating blood. Regarding measures for dealing with difficulties in finding a vein for blood sampling, 11 types of measures were extracted from questionnaire results (multiple answers allowed), including “trying other sites and finding other veins” and “warming up”. Thirty-one percent of respondents described only effective measures. The mean of descriptions of effective measures was significantly bigger in those who reported being told that a vein was too small than in those who did not (p=0.043; unpaired t-test). These results suggest that students had forgotten what they had learned and their own experience of receiving ineffective measures resulted in misunderstanding. It is necessary to provide them with opportunities for review to correct their knowledge before leaving nursing college.

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