As the Japanese population continues to age, securing new farmers is becoming increasingly important. Among the various organizations offering new farmer training programs, this study examined the effectiveness of a new farmer training program offered by Co-op Invested Agricultural Production Company A in Nagano Prefecture. The main findings of the study were as follows: (1)of the 27 students who received training, 11 started their own farms; (2)farms that were established after training were setup as branches of the Company A farm; (3) in addition to vegetables cultivated in fields and greenhouses, apple and grape production has expanded; and (4)cultivation of wine grapes as a new crop has begun. These efforts have been tied to sixth sector industrialization and have gradually started to yield results. Thus, in addition to nurturing the development of new farmers, these farmer training programs have maintained and promoted local agriculture.

Organic rice farming has a few weak points. First, long hours of hand weeding, cause the price of organic rice to rise, thereby making it too expensive. Second variable and uncertain weather conditions result in uncertain yields. However, recently numbers of farmers engaged in large-scale rice farming are increasing. These farmers introduce organic　farming as a segment of their rice farming business. This paper analyzes a case of a 100 ha scale rice farm, which was converted to a 4.2ha rice area for organic farming by the introduction of a new weeding machine. The paper also, indicates influence of farming by weeding machine on the working hours, production costs. The findings reveal that organic rice farming by new weeding machine takes 15.14 working hours/10a, which is similar to the working hours on average rice farms, and allows expansion of the organic cultivation area to 17.3ha. The price of the New weeding machine (attachment to rice transplanting machine) is 80-100 million yen, and the cost of additional machinery is offset by foregoing the cost of herbicides. Unfortunately, the organic rice yield is only 460kg/10a and very uncertain due to insect damage. However, organic rice farming appeals to consumers and contributes positively towards rice selling, and a loss on organic rice is covered in total farm management.

With the rise of the food service and prepared food industries, rice consumption in restaurants is much greater than that at homes. Accordingly, the food service industry and the prepared food industry are expected to play an important role in the future of rice consumption. Expansion of rice demand in the food service industry and prepared food industry indicates that agricultural cooperatives require conversion. After conducting some surveys of rice traders, this study clarifies their requests and expectations for producing center agricultural cooperatives. Results confirmed that rice traders want to deal directly with agricultural cooperatives. Therefore, agricultural cooperatives must not continue to emphasize unpolished rice, (1) reform rice production and distribution to improve business income and Increase rice prices, (2) expand handling lots, (3) allow direct rice sales, and (4) expand commercial rice production. To expand the handling lots, the agricultural cooperatives must stop selling rice and instead integrate local agricultural cooperatives, establish rice-processing facilities, order-receiving systems, and shipping systems. Furthermore, although the agricultural cooperatives serve as rice sellers now, they must put effort into taking commercial rice production measures. A good opportunity exists now to convert sales strategies to sell so-called milled rice directly to the food service industry and prepared food industry and to undertake reforms to increase revenues. Direct sales of milled rice help to maintain rice production and productivity, which presents an unavoidable problem related to activating production centers.

For this study, the reality of the farm management is checked to a participant of Human Resource Development Program for Farm Managers utilized Matrix of Farm Management 100, and the effect and utilization plan were considered. Matrix of Farm Management 100 is 7 of farm management territory were set as vertical axis and 7 farm management targets were set as a transverse and the farm management item of 47 was arranged on the cell of a matrix the farm management territory and a farm management target cross and the checklist to check the reality of the farm management to the item concerned was added. The Results of survey indicated that, the concrete contents of farm management could be shown by a farm management matrix 100, and they became able to check its reality. (1) The contents of a curriculum and setting of the lecture level of human resource development program for farm managers, (2) This thing will promote participant's reflection, and is opportunity of improvement of a desire to learn and behavior for improved farm management.

This study evaluated the effects of farmer field school (FFS) training on agricultural input use, yield, and profits for potato producers in the Musanze district of Rwanda. The results indicate that the average input cost per unit of output (yield) was less for FFS farmers than for non-FFS farmers. Thus, a greater efficiency of input use led to higher profits among FFS potato farmers. The main recommendation from this study is to scale up the farmer field schools to reach a larger number of farmers in the country.

The purpose of this study is to clarify the significance and issues of introducing the fruit crop to the community-based faming. The Cherry growing is labor intensive, especially in harvesting, and Growers have to hire a lot of workers. However, labor shortage is emerging in rural area recently, so breakthrough solutions are required. According to our analysis, it is possible to enlarge the cultivation area by introducing the labor-saving technique, such as bud picking and thinning technology.

The system for agricultural land information management, has taken a new stage in Japan. Agricultural committee has started the Individual Farmland Ledger Management system, which established by the law revision. It is called Agricultural Land information System. Agricultural Committee (ails-ac). However, the system has just started, and it is still a lot of issues unresolved. It must be achieved to improve the information of accuracy. In addition, committee members are required to balance with many other activities. They become more busy To expand the information system is to understand the intent of the landlord or cultivator, it requires a lot of work to be reflected in the system The biggest problem is that the data, which made by Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries and the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (in fact by each Municipalities) Ministry of Justice, is not matched with each other. Gaps Value in the ledger for the fixed assets taxation (by Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications) and Statistics of area under cultivation (Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries) are large, it's 450,000 hectares or more, and has expanded year by year.

Agriculture committees are the administrative committees which coordinate of the farmland. And the most of members of agricultural committees are farmers Japanese government had discussed the Agricultural committee Reform since 2014. So in April, 2016, agriculture committee law was revised. The aim of this paper is to research the activities of agricultural committees in Niigata prefecture surveyed by the Record Book of agricultural committee's activities. And by that, we indicated the problems of agricultural committee reform. The organization of all agricultural committees has carried out "visualization" of agricultural committee's activity results. Those are the Record Book of agricultural committee's activities and the Cards of activity results of agricultural committees. We analyzed those data of Niigata from 2010 to 2014. According to this analysis, firstly, the members of agricultural committees are more busy than before, because they did more activity example of to support prospective farmers, to reduce non-cultivated farmland, food and nutrition education and so on. Secondly, the everyday activities of the members of agricultural committees eliminated the non-cultivated lands in most of places. Finally, we state agricultural committees should have many members in agricultural committee reform, in order to achieve more results.