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Its Status and Prevention Measures
Takeshi IIMURA
1997 Volume 1997 Issue 44 Pages
3-9
Published: November 01, 1997
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Fumitaka IKEDA
1997 Volume 1997 Issue 44 Pages
11-15
Published: November 01, 1997
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Nagao HAYASHI, Fumihiro NEMOTO, Hideki NAITO
1997 Volume 1997 Issue 44 Pages
17-21
Published: November 01, 1997
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Two hundred fifty isolates of
Pyricularia grisea were collected from rice plants in Kanto-Tokai district in 1994. Fourteen pathogenic races were identified based on 12 Japanese differential varieties. Race 007 was dominant in Tochigi, Gunma, Saitama, Chiba, Nagano, and Shizuoka Prefectures, whereas race 001 was dominant in Mie and Kanagawa Prefectures. We observed a significant change from 003 to 007 in pathogenic race composition as compared to the survey in 1976 and 1980 except for Mie Prefecture.
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Taketo ASHIZAWA, Seiya TSUSHIMA, Humihiro NEMOTO, Nagao HAYASHI, Hidek ...
1997 Volume 1997 Issue 44 Pages
23-24
Published: November 01, 1997
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The population of
Pseudomonas glumae on brown rice washed by distilled water was examined. The population of
P. glumae on brown rice slightly decreased compared to that of
P. glumae on rice grains. Brown rice was shaken using distilled water for 30mins (115rpm/min) at 25°C. This cleaning method was effective to reduce the population of
P. glumae on brown rice apparently. These results suggest that the washed brown rice is applicable as pathogen-free rice seeds.
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Satoshi NODA, Tsuneo UETAKE, Koji NAKAMURA
1997 Volume 1997 Issue 44 Pages
25-26
Published: November 01, 1997
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Hatsuo SAITO, Takeshi SATO, Hiroshi HAGIWARA, Kazufumi NISHI
1997 Volume 1997 Issue 44 Pages
27-28
Published: November 01, 1997
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Masashi FUJINAGA, Takeo WADA
1997 Volume 1997 Issue 44 Pages
29-31
Published: November 01, 1997
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Jun TAKEUCHI, Ichiro FUJISAWA, Hiromichi HORIE
1997 Volume 1997 Issue 44 Pages
33-34
Published: November 01, 1997
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Yukio SATO, Koki EIMORI, Satoko SAKATA, Hiromichi HORIE
1997 Volume 1997 Issue 44 Pages
35-39
Published: November 01, 1997
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In the autumn of 1995, a powdery mildew fungus was observed on
Angelica keiskei cultivated at Izu Oshima Island, Tokyo, Japan. The leaves, petals of the flower and stems of the plant were covered with amphigenous colonies and persistent mycelium. Conidiophores were straight, 89-159μm in length, and 10-16μm in width. Foot-cells were cylindric, 27-48μm in length, and 8-10μm in width. Conidia were cylindric (-ellipsoid) to oblong, produced singly, and measured (29-)33-46(-52)×13-20μm. The length/width ratio of conidia were between 2.31 to 2.39. Appressoria of conidial germ tubes were lobed,
Erysiphe polygoni type proposed by Hirata (1942, 1955). From inoculation experiments of the fungus, we recognized that the fungus on
Angelica keiskei was pathogenic to the host plant. Since the cleistothecia of the fungus were not present, we proposed that the fungus was
Oidium sp. belonged in
E. polygoni type. This is the first report of powdery mildew on cultivated
Angelica keiskei.
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Hiroaki KIMURA, Masakazu OKITSU, Kenichi YAMANAKA, Tomoyasu IKKA, Osam ...
1997 Volume 1997 Issue 44 Pages
41-42
Published: November 01, 1997
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Masakazu OKITSU, Hiroaki KIMURA, Kenichi YAMANAKA, Tomoyasu IKKA, Osam ...
1997 Volume 1997 Issue 44 Pages
43-44
Published: November 01, 1997
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Isao KEMMOCHI, Sumihisa SUWA
1997 Volume 1997 Issue 44 Pages
45-47
Published: November 01, 1997
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Masanobu KOBAYASHI, Hidetoshi UEKUSA, Yoko MIYAMA, Miki NUNOKAWA
1997 Volume 1997 Issue 44 Pages
49-52
Published: November 01, 1997
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Miki NUNOKAWA, Masanobu KOBAYASHI, Hidetoshi UEKUSA, Yoko MIYAMA
1997 Volume 1997 Issue 44 Pages
53-55
Published: November 01, 1997
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Hideki OGISO, Tokiya SHIMIZU, Toshiro KAWANO, Yoshiyuki TAKAHASHI
1997 Volume 1997 Issue 44 Pages
57-61
Published: November 01, 1997
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Isao KEMMOCHI, Sumihisa SUWA, Itsuro KOBAYASHI
1997 Volume 1997 Issue 44 Pages
63-66
Published: November 01, 1997
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Kazuyoshi YAMADA, Masahiko YAMAGUCHI, Toshifumi MURAKAMI, Seishi YOSHI ...
1997 Volume 1997 Issue 44 Pages
67-70
Published: November 01, 1997
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Ken WATANABE, Keiichi MURAKAMI, Itsuo GOTO
1997 Volume 1997 Issue 44 Pages
71-73
Published: November 01, 1997
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Masakazu YAMADA, Yasuhiko NAKAZAWA, Tadashi KITAMURA
1997 Volume 1997 Issue 44 Pages
75-78
Published: November 01, 1997
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Dazomet combined with soil solarization showed a superior control of tomato bacterial wilt to methyl bromide. One month after the treatment, the residue of dazomet in the soil was reduced to 0.2% of that immediately after treatment, which was almost the same at transplanting time of tomato seedlings. The results suggested that dazomet combined with soil solarization could decrease the phytotoxicity by the residue of dazomet and the number of times of removing the gas from the soil.
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Masanobu KOBAYASHI, Hidetoshi UEKUSA, Noriko ORIHARA, Akira UDAGAWA
1997 Volume 1997 Issue 44 Pages
79-81
Published: November 01, 1997
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Isao KEMMOCHI, Toshimasa SHIRAISHI, Satoru KOYAMA, Sumihisa SUWA, Tosh ...
1997 Volume 1997 Issue 44 Pages
83-85
Published: November 01, 1997
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Kazunori ICHIKAWA, Taichi FUNAKUSO, Yoshiteru MURAKAMI
1997 Volume 1997 Issue 44 Pages
87-89
Published: November 01, 1997
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Hiromichi HORIE, Masakazu YAMADA, Yasuhiko NAKAZAWA, Kenji AIDA, Juzo ...
1997 Volume 1997 Issue 44 Pages
91-95
Published: November 01, 1997
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From 1994 to 1966, monitoring sensitivity to diethofencarb mixtures (diethofencarb+thiophanate-methyl and diethofencarb+procymidone) was undertaken on 2, 519 isolates of
Botrytis cinerea collected from 208 fields of cucumber, tomato and other crops in Kanto-Tosan district. The result revealed that resistant strains to diethofencarb mixtures were distributed widely in this district. The frequency of the resistant strain increased year by year and reached 60% of all isolates. However, most of the resistant strains were benzimidazole highly resistant and diethofencarb weakly resistant (HR·WR). The high frequency of the resistant strain was observed in the fields where diethofencarb mixtures had been used intensively.
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Masanao SATO, Masakazu YAMADA, Yasuhiko NAKAZAWA, Hiromichi HORIE
1997 Volume 1997 Issue 44 Pages
97-101
Published: November 01, 1997
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A fungicide sensitivity of
Botrytis cinerea could easily be detected by picking up conidia formed on a lesion of a diseased tomato with the tip of a toothpick and by inoculating on to a fungicide amended selective medium for
B. cinerea followed by incubation under the room temperature or 2°C for 3 or 4 days. It seemed that the sensitivity of the fungus with this rapid and simple test could be determined by anyone because there is almost no cross contamination.
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Kiichi NAKAYAMA, Kenji AIDA, Masakazu YAMADA, Yasuhiko NAKAZAWA
1997 Volume 1997 Issue 44 Pages
103-105
Published: November 01, 1997
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Monitoring sensitivity from 1994 to 1995 revealed that resistant strains to diethofencarb mixtures occurred extensively in the population of
Botrytis cinerea on several vegetables and flowers in Tochigi Prefecture.
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Naoki IWATA, Masakazu YAMADA, Yasuhiko NAKAZAWA, Atsushi AOKI, Yoshihi ...
1997 Volume 1997 Issue 44 Pages
107-111
Published: November 01, 1997
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In 1994, a resistant strain of
Botrytis cinerea to diethofencarb mixtures was found for the first time in Gunma Prefecture. From 1994 to 1996, resistant strains to diethofencarb mixtures on cucumber spread throughout the area year after year.
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Miki IWAI, Yasuhiko NAKAZAWA, Masakazu YAMADA, Shun-ichi HAGIYA
1997 Volume 1997 Issue 44 Pages
113-115
Published: November 01, 1997
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A rapid sensitivity test using a toothpick was employed to detect resistant strains to benzimidazole, dicarboximide and diethofencarb in
B. cinerea on tomato in Futtsu, Chiba Pref., Japan. The test constituted of the following: picking up of conidia from one single lesion of a diseased fruit of tomato with a toothpick, inoculating the conidia on to a fungicide amended selective medium for
B. cinerea and observation of colony formation on the medium to determine fungicide sensitivity of the isolate. Of all isolates derived from 130 lesions, sensitivity of eighty five isolates (65.4%) could be determined. The most frequent phenotype of sensitivity was benzimidazole-resistant, dicarboximide-resistant and diethofencarb-sensitive (RRS) and its frequency, was 60.0% of all solates. On the other hand, the frequency of the phenotype resistant to all these fungicide (RRR) was the least, 1.2%. No clear correlation was observed between fungicide sensitivity of isolates and fungicide use on the field where the isolates were collected.
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Maya KUBOTA, Jun TAKEUCHI, Masakazu YAMADA, Yasuhiko NAKAZAWA, Hiromic ...
1997 Volume 1997 Issue 44 Pages
117-119
Published: November 01, 1997
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Sensitivity to diethofencarb mixtures was monitored in 623 isolates of
Botrytis cinerea collected from thirty four tomato fields in Tokyo from 1994 to 1996. Through the monitoring, resistant strains to diethofencarb mixtures were found for the first time in Tokyo. In 1996, the frequency of the resistant strain increased to 53.2% of all isolates and the phenotype which is highly resistant to benzimidazole and weakly resistant to diethofencarb (HR·WR) was the most dominant, 71.8% in all resistant strains.
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Shun-ichi YABUKI, Izumi FUKUHARA, Masakazu YAMADA, Yasuhiko NAKAZAWA
1997 Volume 1997 Issue 44 Pages
121-125
Published: November 01, 1997
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Fungicide sensitivity of
Botrytis cinerea was monitored with a rapid sensitivity test, using toothpick on protected fruit vegetables in Kanagawa Prefecture. Although a strain of the fungus, which was resistant to both diethofencarb-benzimidazole mixture and diethofencarb-dicarboximide mixture, was frequently detected on tomato and cucumber in 1995, the frequency of the resistant strain was reduced in 1996. On the other hand, a resistant strain to dicarboximide was the most frequently detected on strawberry. The rapid sensitivity test used in this surveillance was laborsaving, reliable and expected to be used widely in practical fields.
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Mitsuaki ONO, Masakazu YAMADA, Yasuhiko NAKAZAWA
1997 Volume 1997 Issue 44 Pages
127-129
Published: November 01, 1997
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Monitoring sensitivity to benzimidazoles, dicarboximides and diethofencarb was conducted in 365 isolates of
B. cinerea collected from 31 protected cucumber fields and 28 open vineyard in Yamanashi Prefecture from 1994 to 1996. On cucumber, frequency of resistant strain to diethofencarb mixture was as high as 50%, and one third of them was highly resistant to diethofencarb. On the other hand, only a few resistant strains to diethofencarb mixture were detected in the population of the fungus on grapevine.
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Masanao SATO, Kouki OHTA, Fumitaka IKEDA, Masakazu YAMADA, Yasuhiko NA ...
1997 Volume 1997 Issue 44 Pages
131-135
Published: November 01, 1997
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Monitoring sensitivity from 1994 to 1996 revealed that a multiple resistant strain to benzimidazoles, dicarboximides and diethofencarb was distributed extensively in the population of
Botrytis cinerea in tomato fields. An effective countermeasure should be constructed to control the resistant strain.
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Akihiko IIJIMA
1997 Volume 1997 Issue 44 Pages
137-139
Published: November 01, 1997
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Hidehiko KOIKE, Yasumitsu KAWAI, Akihiko IIJIMA
1997 Volume 1997 Issue 44 Pages
141-143
Published: November 01, 1997
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Ascospore discharge pattern of
Venturia inaequalis was monitored using a 7-day-recording spore trap for 4 years. Each year, ascospores were trapped mainly at day time during wet intervals initiated by rain. The ascospore discharge pattern of the pathogen monitored in this study resembled that of the one in Ontario, in eastern Canada in 1991.
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Yasumitsu KAWAI, Hidehiko KOIKE, Akihiko IIJIMA
1997 Volume 1997 Issue 44 Pages
145-147
Published: November 01, 1997
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Azusa SHIOTA, Seiji UEMATSU, Yuki KOBAYASHI, Yoshiro MIKOSHIBA, Yohach ...
1997 Volume 1997 Issue 44 Pages
149-151
Published: November 01, 1997
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Three viruses, alstroemeria mosaic virus, an unidentified potyvirus and cucumber mosaic virus, were detected from
Alstroemeria hybrid plants showing mosaic and white streak symptoms in Chiba Prefecture in 1995 and 1996.
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Maya KUBOTA
1997 Volume 1997 Issue 44 Pages
153-154
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Kazuhiko SAKAI
1997 Volume 1997 Issue 44 Pages
155-159
Published: November 01, 1997
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Kokichi TAKAHASHI, Yukio SATO, Yoshiyuki TAKAHASHI, Toshiro KAWANO, Ka ...
1997 Volume 1997 Issue 44 Pages
161-164
Published: November 01, 1997
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Satoshi IZUTSU, Mamoru SATOU, Masayoshi ISHII, Fumiyoshi FUKUMOTO, Hir ...
1997 Volume 1997 Issue 44 Pages
165-166
Published: November 01, 1997
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Toshihiko SHOJI
1997 Volume 1997 Issue 44 Pages
167-169
Published: November 01, 1997
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Leaf Blight of
Lewisia cotyledon occurred in Saitama Prefecture in 1995. The causal fungus isolated from diseased plant was identified as
Bipolaris sp. by morphological observations and inoculation tests.
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Jun TAKEUCHI, Hiromichi HORIE
1997 Volume 1997 Issue 44 Pages
171-173
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Leaf spot of drummond phlox
Phlox drummondii Hook. occurred in Tokyo Metropolis in 1996. The causal fungus isolated from diseased plants was identified as
Stemphylium botryosum Wallroth by morphological observations and inoculation tests. This is the first report on the disease in Japan.
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Jun TAKEUCHI, Hiromichi HORIE
1997 Volume 1997 Issue 44 Pages
175-178
Published: November 01, 1997
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Anthracnose of
Amacrinum howardii Hort., winter-flowering begonias
Begonia×
hiemalis Fotsch and Japanese chinquapin
Castanopsis cuspidata var.
sieboldii (Makino) Nakai occurred in Tokyo Metropolis in 1996. The causal fungus isolated from the diseased plants was identified as
Colletotrichum acutatum Simmonds ex Simmonds by morphological observations and inoculation tests. This is the first report on anthracnose of
A. howardii, begonias and Japanese chinquapin caused by
C. acutatum in Japan.
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Jun TAKEUCHI, Hiromichi HORIE
1997 Volume 1997 Issue 44 Pages
179-181
Published: November 01, 1997
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Leaf spot of strawberry saxifraga
Saxifraga stolonifera Meerb. occurred in Tokyo Metropolis in 1996. The causal fungus isolated from the diseased plants was identified as
Phoma exigua Desmazières by morphological observations and inoculation tests. This is the first report on the disease in Japan.
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Jun TAKEUCHI, Hiromichi HORIE
1997 Volume 1997 Issue 44 Pages
183-185
Published: November 01, 1997
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Leaf blight of Chinese lantern plant
Pysalis alkekengi L. var.
franchetii Mark. and stem and root rot of poinsettia
Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd. occurred in Tokyo Metropolis in 1996. The causal fungus isolated from the diseased plants was identified as
Rhizoctonia solani Kühn by morphological observations and inoculation tests. This is the first report on the diseases in Japan.
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Kazunori ICHIKAWA, Taichi FUNAKUBO, Yoshiteru MURAKAMI
1997 Volume 1997 Issue 44 Pages
187-189
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Masayuki TOGAWA
1997 Volume 1997 Issue 44 Pages
191-193
Published: November 01, 1997
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Taeko TAKEUCHI, Makoto HASEGAWA, Yuichi TANAKA, Hiromoto HOMMA, Azusa ...
1997 Volume 1997 Issue 44 Pages
195-196
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GUIFEN Zhang, Kazuo HIRAI
1997 Volume 1997 Issue 44 Pages
197-200
Published: November 01, 1997
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The toxicity of four kinds of insecticide solution, Imidacloprid, Buprofezin, Cartap and MEP on eggs, larvae, prepupae and pupae of
Trichogramma japonicum was studied in laboratory. The result suggested that all of the insecticides tested could penetrate into the egg shell of the host and showed different degree of toxicity on wasps. In dipping method, the toxicity of Imidacloprid and Buprofezin was lower than that of other insecticides. The toxicity of Cartap and MEP was relatively higher on the
Trichogramma. When Stages of wasp pupae and larvae were treated with MEP, emerged adults died before laying eggs. When prepupal stages were treated with MEP, the treated-generation adult could survive for one day but 80% of the female adults could not oviposit. When stages of wasp eggs were dipped into MEP, the treated-generation adult could oviposit in spite of decreased number of oviposited eggs.
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GUIFEN Zhang, Kazuo HIRAI
1997 Volume 1997 Issue 44 Pages
201-204
Published: November 01, 1997
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Effects of three insecticides, Imidacloprid, Buprofezin, and MEP on the population increase of the treated generation and the next generation of
Trichogramma japonicum were investigated by the life table method. By dipping method into practical concentration, the toxicity of Imidacloprid and Buprofezin was lower than MEP; that is, the
Trichogramma adult of the treated-generation could oviposit, the fecundity, net reproduction rate [R
o], innate capacity for increase [rm] of the treated generation and of the next generation had no significant difference from check. The toxicity of MEP was relatively higher on the wasp. When the prepupae were treated with MEP, the [rm] of the treated generation became negative. When the eggs treated with the said chemical, the fecundity of the treated generation adults was significantly lower than that of check. But the values of the population increase parameter in the next generation recovered to the level of the untreated population.
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Hiroaki TAKEUCHI, Kazuo HIRAI
1997 Volume 1997 Issue 44 Pages
205-206
Published: November 01, 1997
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