PLANT MORPHOLOGY

Rheophytes: their diversity in the tropics, evolutionary morphology and adaptation

M. Kato

1992 Volume 4 Issue 1 Pages 1-3
Published: 1992
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5685/plmorphol.4.1

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Rheophytes are plant species confined to streambeds that are regularly subject to fast-running floods after heavy rains. They include obligate and facultative rheophytes, paedorheophytes, and also pseudorheophytes, which differ in distribution and life history. Their diversity in the humid tropics, variations in habit and among Plant gtroups, adaptive strategies of life history, habitat segregation, speciation, and evolutionary morphology, are briefly reviewed. Some aspects of rheophytes that may attract botanists interested in evolution and morphology are noted.

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Anatomical and developmental studies of narrow leaves of rheophytic ferns, with its evolutionary implication.

Ryoko Imaichi

1992 Volume 4 Issue 1 Pages 4-11
Published: 1992
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5685/plmorphol.4.4

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Anatomical survey was carried out on narrow, (ob)lanceolate leaves(stenophylls) of about 30 rheophytic ferns and several related dryland species. The mesophyll cells of stenophylls are less-expanded, and then their intercellular spaces are smaller than those of related dryland species. Epidermal cells are also less-lobed in rheophytes. To know the origin of the rheophytic stenophylly, ontogeny of narrow pinnules of Japanese rheophyte, Osmunda lancea, was compared with that of broad pinnules of a related dryland species, 0. japonica. It was clarified that the mesophyll and epidermal cells of 0. lancea remain smaller in size because of weakened cell expansion, which leads to reduction of growth period of pinnule. The stenophylly of 0. lancea is believed to have arisen by heterochronic evolution, in particular, progenesis.

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Variations of leaf-shape of some species of Homalomena(Araceae)and Viola rheophila(Violaceae)distributed at rheophytic habitats

Hiroshi Okada

1992 Volume 4 Issue 1 Pages 12-17
Published: 1992
Released on J-STAGE: July 05, 2011

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5685/plmorphol.4.12

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Correlation between the leaf-shape of rheophytic plants and their habitats at Malesian wet tropics is analyzed. Rheophytic plants are crearly distinguishable from allied land plants at the shape of lamina base, namely rheophytes with rotundate or cuneate laminas vs. allied land plants cordate or auriculate ones. The leaf-shape of rheophytic plants distributed strictly at stream beds is commonly lanceolate, while those at upper limit of flood zone oblong or ovate. The frequency of events that plants are covered under flood may be an important factor to determine their leaf-shape.

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Morphology and Ecology of Podostemaceae-a Brief Review

Yasuro Kadono

1992 Volume 4 Issue 1 Pages 18-22
Published: 1992
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5685/plmorphol.4.18

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Podostemaceae are a specialized group of rheophytes growing only on rocks in torrential rivers mostly in tropical and subtropical regions. Though many species have been described so far, the knowledge on their morphology and ecology is very poor because of the lack of intensive study in most of the species. Now the work on Podostemaceae is urgently needed from the viewpoint of conservation biology as well as the botanical interest in the uniqueness of the plants.

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Morphological and Ecological Aspects of Moss Rheophytes

Hiroyuki Akiyama

1992 Volume 4 Issue 1 Pages 23-28
Published: 1992
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5685/plmorphol.4.23

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Morphological and ecological aspects of moss rheophytes were discussed. Their morphological attributes were compared with those of vascular plants. As a result, it appears that there are two main differences between the two groups;(1)ovate leaves with obtuse apices resulting in small leaf index; and(2)prevalence of monopodial branching in moss rehophytes. In addition, some moss rheophytes show special tolerance to periodical dry conditions(poikilohydry)as do species in xeric habitat.

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Shrubby rheophytes and paedorheophytes

Jin Murata

1992 Volume 4 Issue 1 Pages 29-33
Published: 1992
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5685/plmorphol.4.29

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Shrubby rheophytes are characterized by sympodial branching as well as the general characters of rheophytes. Paedorheophytes are woody rheophytes that are rheophytic in juvenile stages and resemble land plants at maturity. Although their leaf shape is believed to change gradually from narrow-lanceolate juvenile leaves to broadly lanceolate adult leaves, our field observations show that in Saraca declinata and Tristania whitiana, tropical paedorheophytes, have two and three classes of leaf shape, respectively, which change abruptly from one class to the other during the growth.

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

1992 Volume 4 Issue 1 Pages 46
Published: 1992
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5685/plmorphol.4.46

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

1992 Volume 4 Issue 1 Pages 47
Published: 1992
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5685/plmorphol.4.47

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

1992 Volume 4 Issue 1 Pages 48
Published: 1992
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5685/plmorphol.4.48

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Exine pattern formation by plasma membrane during early tetrad stage

Masamichi TAKAHASHI, Johnj SKVARLA

1992 Volume 4 Issue 1 Pages 49
Published: 1992
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5685/plmorphol.4.49

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

1992 Volume 4 Issue 1 Pages 50
Published: 1992
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5685/plmorphol.4.50

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

1992 Volume 4 Issue 1 Pages 51
Published: 1992
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5685/plmorphol.4.51

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[title in Japanese]

1992 Volume 4 Issue 1 Pages 52-60
Published: 1992
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5685/plmorphol.4.52

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