Journal of The Remote Sensing Society of Japan

The Global Flash Rate Observed from Space

Shunsuke SAKURAI, Tomoo USHIO, Ken'ichi OKAMOTO

2003 Volume 23 Issue 1 Pages 3-10
Published: April 05, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11440/rssj1981.23.3

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In this study, we developed an algorithm to produce global flash distribution by using the data from the LIS (Lightning Imaging Sensor) aboard the TRMM satellite and OTD (Optical Transient Detector). A cross-sensor comparison between LIS and OTD reveals that the relative DE (Detection Efficiency) of the OTD to the LIS is estimated at 66% on average, which is consistent with the sensitivity of the both instruments. A statistical examination of LIS/OTD lightning data reveals that an average of 47.9 flashes ±7.7 occurs around the globe per second, which is well below the traditional estimate of 100 flashes/second.

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Method of Estimation of Refractive Index and size Distribution of Aerosol Using Direct and Diffuse Solar Irradiance as well as Aureole by Means of a Modified Simulated Annealing

Kohei ARAI, Ryo KOMING

2003 Volume 23 Issue 1 Pages 11-20
Published: April 05, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11440/rssj1981.23.11

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An estimation method for refractive index and size distribution of aerosol using direct and diffuse solar irradiance as well as aureole by means of a modified simulated annealing is proposed. The proposed method is based on simulated annealing modified to acceralate a learning process by using a gradually decreasing oscillation function of temperature of annealing. By using Gauss Seidel model, simulation data of direct and diffuse solar irradiance are generated together with estimated aureole by means of empirical method with experimental data. A comparison between the existing method proposed by P. Romanov et. al. based on linearized inversion method and the proposed method is made. The results show double and tripple improvement of the estimation accuracy for both of aerosol size distribution and refractive index.

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Identification and Application of the Valid Wavelength Bands for Burnt Area Detection and Fire Severity Classification Using Landsat/TM Data

Masayasu MAKI, Masayuki TAMURA

2003 Volume 23 Issue 1 Pages 21-30
Published: April 05, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11440/rssj1981.23.21

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Firstly, by using Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) imagery before and after forest fire, the valid wavelength bands for detecting burnt areas were examined and compared to NDVI. Secondly, by using the valid wavelength bands, mapping of burnt area and classification of fire severity were examined. The results show that (a) channel 4 and 7 were more sensitive than other channels for detecting burnt area, (b) BAI (Burnt Area Index) [(ch. 4-ch. 7)/(ch. 4+ch. 7)] was more useful than NDVI for detecting burnt areas, and (c) BAI imagery was more useful for classification of burn severity than NDVI imagery.

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Super Resolution Signal and Image Processing Technique for GPR Combining FFT and MUSIC Algorithms

Shanker Man SHRESTHA, Takashi MIWA, Ikuo ARAI

2003 Volume 23 Issue 1 Pages 31-43
Published: April 05, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11440/rssj1981.23.31

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Significantly improving the resolution of Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR), is a challenging issue. Such resolution enhancement is necessary for clear imaging of closely buried targets. GPR technology has proved to be very successful in the investigation and detection of buried objects. This paper examines the possibility of applying the super resolution technique MUSIC (Multiple Signal Classification) algorithm in SFCW (Stepped Frequency Continuous Wave) GPR due to its superior performance. Additionally, the conventional FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) has been utilized for a highly precise receiving signal level. The Combined Processing Method (CPM) of time domain response of MUSIC and IFFT (Inverse FFT) has been proposed for the first time to get high resolution and high precision receiving signal level. Results of simulations and experiments show that the proposed method achieves both higher resolution, and a highly precise receiving signal level.

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Integrating Spaceborne SAR Images into GIS Datasets by the Geographical Survey Institute of Japan

Chinatsu YONEZAWA, Nobuhiro TOMIYAMA, Hiroko MIZUKOSHI, Hiroshi MASAHA ...

2003 Volume 23 Issue 1 Pages 44-49
Published: April 05, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11440/rssj1981.23.44

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Spaceborne SAR images are combined with vector-based geospatial datasets published by Geographical Survey Institute (GSI) of Japan to discuss their applicability to disaster monitoring. RADARSAT fine mode image taken over Kobe city and JERS-1 SAR image taken over Mt. Iwate with Morioka city have been examined. City-block segments in digital map 2500 (spatial data framework) helps interpretation of RADARSAT fine mode image on urban area. It is difficult to distinguish roads and blocks on urban area of JERS-1 SAR image. SAR image can be used as a shaded map for disaster assessment in mountainous area. Integrating with GIS datasets would increase applicability of SAR imagery.

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Geographic Information Systems 1. Introduction

Koichi HIRATA

2003 Volume 23 Issue 1 Pages 50-53
Published: April 05, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11440/rssj1981.23.50

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[title in Japanese]

2003 Volume 23 Issue 1 Pages 63-64
Published: April 05, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11440/rssj1981.23.63

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[title in Japanese]

2003 Volume 23 Issue 1 Pages 69-74
Published: April 05, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11440/rssj1981.23.69

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

2003 Volume 23 Issue 1 Pages 81
Published: April 05, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11440/rssj1981.23.81

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