This paper presents the results of system study for operating water recycling system for combined fish culture and plant production. It will save water and nutrien, contribute a lot in prevention of pollution in the world's ecological system.
It was determined in this case that the an equivalent of one fish (Xenopus leavis) requires 331.51g of feed until harvest, then the optimum density per fish and the number of fish per tank were calculated. In this case 250 fishes per tank was required.
From plant growth experiment it was found that the fish water containing N 9.47, P 2.78, K 5.19, Ca 4.52, Mg 1.64 (n_b/w_b: me/l) was more suitable for plant growth. From calculation, 648.47l of the water is needed per unit containing three beds of plants. When the concentration level reaches 1/2 n_b/w_b in waste fish water, reverse osmosis is used to produce high concentration (twice the original) water for hydroponic bed, and 650l of permeated water is recycled back to fish tank. As result only 650l of fresh water would be needed from the outside.
In the above system it was determined that one hydroponic unit would be supplied by water through reverse osmosis 32 times until maturity time for the fish. Within this period 5760 plants would have been grown.

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Euglena gracilis is a eukalyotic single cell which grows photoautotrophically and heterotrophically. This organism contained very rich nutrients as protein when the cells was determined by amino acid analysis and rat-feeding test. The amino acid score and net protein utilization were 88 and 79.9, respectively, higher than those of other single cell such as Chlorella, Spirulina, and similar to cow-milk casein. Triglycerides were mainly composed of unsaturated fatty acids, especially linoleic acid and linolenic acid which were essential fatty acids for human, and also contained considerably arachidonic acid, when Euglena was grown autotrophically. The organism synthesized paramylon, which is the characteristic β-1, 3-glucan in Euglena, and trehalose which is available for human. Paramylon was stoichiometrically converted to trehalose when Euglena cells were placed on salt stress.
Micronutrients, vitamins and minerals, were also contained in Euglena cells more than yeast, and contents of some vitamins became extremely rich by being to high illumination and/or adding those precursor. We concluded that such Euglena cells was very available as a sole nutrients in a closed ecosystem.

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On CELSS, many researchers reported to water balance for human requirements, but almostly those one was water micro balance systems.
Human lives on the Earth are variable, that so every water requirement are variable. Especially on human history between long times, there are variable water requirement stages. Early age, human needed only wild grains, fruits, animals and natural water. Recent age in 20 Cen., human needs not only food, drinking water, clothes and living house, but also human communication tool, human transportation and others; that is the secondly industrial goods and the third industrial publicstructures. Factory products and publicstructures needs much water. These water are humans' requirement too.
This paper reports on water requirement for human life on CELSS; that is not only directly life stage, but indirectly water use on the secondly industries and city lives. This report are consists of studying by Chinese paper and reference for water use on many stages of goods and city lives.

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The author tries to discuss about the possibility of ecological and psychological disorders of man who is in closed or quasi-closed isolated environment for prolonged duration of time, considering the density of relations between man and environmental objects and of its influence upon human psycho-physiological function.
His main interest is in how to maintain normal psycho-physiological functions under such stressful situations; as in the case of a man in semi-closed environment, a man living in the isolated residence in a multi-storied building, in the small room in a submarine, and of course in a spacecraft for certain duration of time.
He also discusses about the matter from the viewpoint of general adaptation syndrome observed in man under stress. He concludes that the serious matter that would arise in the future is possible psychological effects of prolonged mild stress which may affect man's maintainability of normal functioning level.

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We have studied on the ability of living organisms to survive under simulated extraterrestrial condition. The subject is not restricted to an academic curiosity, but concerns problems to prevent the contamination of extraterrestrial circumstance with terrestrial microorganisms carried by spaceprobes. Some species of terrestrial microorganisms can survive even after the exposure under a simulated space conditions.
Samples of microb were harvested from air and wall surface in Mir station by Progress M-26 on Feb. 15, 1995. The population of microorganisms and resistace to proton radiation by accelerator and ultra violet were examined.

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