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In the area of photo communication, Glass-ceramics including ferroelectric crystals which show second order optical non-linearity are expected for photonic devices, e.g., wavelength shift. And it is expected that these glass-ceramics have higher second order optical non-linearity. Crystal orientation is one of the methods that improve several properties of ceramics. In this study, 30BaO-15TiO₂-55GeO₂ glass-ceramics were prepared in a high magnetic field of 10T. Then improvements of crystal orientation and second order optical non-linearity were found. And we discussed the effect of high magnetic field to crystal orientation and optical properties in detail.

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Hydration of alite and hauyne cement with the amorphous fine silica powder were investigated. The hardened paste of the cement substituted by the silica powder(0, 20 and 50 mass%)was soaked in distilled water or the simulated body fluid at 37 C. The hydration reaction progressed in the inside of the paste, regardless of the kind of the soaked solution. Changes in the ion concentration and pH of soaked solution were suppressed by adding the silica powder.

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Amorphpus calcium phosphate (ACP) was synthesized by the sol-gel process using Ca-alkoxide prepared from Ca-metal and ethanol. Especially, the hydrolysis of Ca-alkoxide was carried out under the solvent containing Zn, Mg or Fe ion. Effect of adding a metal ion, scuh as Zn, Mg and Fe etc, on the synthesis aand microstructures of ACP was mainly examined.

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Beta-Tricalcium phosphate (Ca₃(PO₄)₂ ; beta-TCP) is expected to be used as the biomaterials for bone repair since it shows an excellent biological compatibility, osteoconductivity and safety in living tissues. However, beta-TCP shows lower mechanical strength and fracture toughness than natural bones. In order to improve mechanical properties of beta-TCP and simplify the fabrication of beta-TCP sintered bodies, we tried to fabricate beta-TCP ceramics by reaction sintering. Various kinds of calcium oxide, carbonate and phosphate such as Ca₁₀(PO₄)₆(OH)₂, CaHPO₄, CaCO₃, Ca₂P₂O₇, CaO were used as the raw materials, and two kinds of these powders were selected, and then reaction-sintered at 1100^oC for 24-48h in air. In this presentation, the sinterability and mechanical properties of reaction-sintered beta-TCP will be discussed.

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Na2O-K2O-CaO-ZrO2-SiO2 (NKCZS) glass was developed with a thread formability by spinning and an electrical polarizability. We aimed to show that the influence of the polarized NKCZS glass surface upon proliferation behavior of L929 cells. It emerged that the proliferation behavior of L929 cells could be manipulated by polarized NKCZS glass.

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Hydroxyapatite (HAp) and Zn-containing hydroxyapatite (ZnHAp) particles were synthesized by wet chemical method. Selective adsorption of a pathogenic protein, beta2-microglobulin (b2-MG) on those hydroxyapatite particles was evaluated with physiological saline solution containing bovine serum albumin (BSA) and b2-MG. As Zn-content increased, the amount of adsorbed BSA per surface area decreased, while that of b2-MG changed little. In this study, we examined the adsorption isotherms of BSA and b2-MG for the ZnHAp in order to discuss the adsorption affinity of these proteins for the ZnHAp.

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TiO2-based nanomaterials are widely used for pigment and electronics fields, and are recently applied for photocatalysts and dye-sensitized solar cells. Recently, the authors have developed a new direct process to prepare homobeneous titanate nanofibers using natural rutile as a source. Since the nanofiber formation and the purification progress in a single-step hydrothermal process, the new process will be more cost-effective and more environmentally friendly than former multi-step processes. In this presentation, some properties of the new nanofibers obtained will be reported.

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Nanotubular HTiO was synthesized by the hydrothermal treatments. Furthermore, their products were heat-treated with metal salts under various conditions. Nanotubular HTiO with addition of Pt was prepared. Under an optimum condition, Pt encapsulated nanotubes were able to be synthesized by this processing. The purpose is to synthesize nanotubes under various conditions and evaluate their microstructures.

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Titana containing N, S, and P ions were successfully synthesized by the anodic oxidation technique of titanium sheet. Microstructures of obtained titania doped with various anions were in detail observed by SEM and TEM. Photocatalitic properties of these titania doped with anion were evaluated in this study.

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Anatase, brookite and rutile type nitrogen doped titania nanocrystals (TiO2-xNy) were successfully prepared by a soft solution precess in TiCl3 solution. The phase composition, crystallinity, microstructure, specific surface area, nitrogen doped amount and photocatalytic activity of titania powders greatly changed depending on pH, temperature and kind of treatment alcohols. The TiO2-xNy powders showed excellent visible-light absorption and photocatalytic activity for nitrogen monoxide destruction under irradiation of both visible-light and UV-light irradiation. The effect of nitrogen doped amount on the visible light induced photocatalytic activity was also investigated.

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Introducing surface roughness using a photoelectrochemical etching technique successfully controlled the reversible wettability on a TiO2 surface. The hydrophilic conversion property is enhanced on the etched surface irradiated with UV light. This is plausible considering Wenzel's equation, that is, the hydrophilic property is enhanced by increasing the surface roughness. Moreover, the reversible switching between the hydrophobicity (> 120 degree) and the high hydrophilicity (0 degree) is achieved by alternating between UV light irradiation and dark storage. The hydrophobicity of TiO2 surface is understandable considering Cassie's equation.

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