I attached0 temperature data loggers to 56 nests of the Madagascar Paradise Flycatcher Terpsiphone mutata to identify the nest predator and time of nest predation. The research was conducted at Ankarafantsika National Park in Madagascar in 2004 and 2005. Three species were identified as nest predators from video records which filmed the nests with temperature data loggers: Brown Lemur Eulemur fulvus, Frances's Sparrowhawk Accipiter francesii and Malagasy Cat-eyed Snake Madagascarophis colubrinus. The first two species predated nests in the evening, and the latter predated at night. The temperature inside the nest dropped sharply after each nest predation. In the case of predation by the Brown Lemur, the pattern of nest temperature change was different from that of the other two species, because the parent had left the nest more than 40 minutes before predation. The predatory species could not be identified by the change of nest temperature only. Nest predation primarily occurred at night, in the morning and the evening. The time of nest predation did not differ between incubation and brooding periods. From the present research, the temperature data logger is considered to be an effective tool to identify the time of nest predation.