Bone Marrow Metastasis of Rhabdomyosarcoma Mimicking Acute Leukemia: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Yuka Aida; Toshimitsu Ueki; Takehiko Kirihara; Wataru Takeda; Taro Kurihara; Keijiro Sato; Ikuo Shimizu; Yuki Hiroshima; Masahiko Sumi; Mayumi Ueno; Naoaki Ichikawa; Masahide Watanabe; Hikaru Kobayashi

doi:10.2169/internalmedicine.54.2473

CASE REPORTS

Bone Marrow Metastasis of Rhabdomyosarcoma Mimicking Acute Leukemia: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Yuka Aida, Toshimitsu Ueki, Takehiko Kirihara, Wataru Takeda, Taro Kurihara, Keijiro Sato, Ikuo Shimizu, Yuki Hiroshima, Masahiko Sumi, Mayumi Ueno, Naoaki Ichikawa, Masahide Watanabe, Hikaru Kobayashi

Author information

Yuka Aida
Department of Hematology, Nagano Red Cross Hospital, Japan
Toshimitsu Ueki
Department of Hematology, Nagano Red Cross Hospital, Japan
Takehiko Kirihara
Department of Hematology, Nagano Red Cross Hospital, Japan
Wataru Takeda
Department of Hematology, Nagano Red Cross Hospital, Japan
Taro Kurihara
Department of Hematology, Nagano Red Cross Hospital, Japan
Keijiro Sato
Department of Hematology, Nagano Red Cross Hospital, Japan
Ikuo Shimizu
Department of Hematology, Nagano Red Cross Hospital, Japan
Yuki Hiroshima
Department of Hematology, Nagano Red Cross Hospital, Japan
Masahiko Sumi
Department of Hematology, Nagano Red Cross Hospital, Japan
Mayumi Ueno
Department of Hematology, Nagano Red Cross Hospital, Japan
Naoaki Ichikawa
Department of Hematology, Nagano Red Cross Hospital, Japan
Masahide Watanabe
Department of Pathology, Nagano Red Cross Hospital, Japan
Hikaru Kobayashi
Department of Hematology, Nagano Red Cross Hospital, Japan

Keywords: rhabdomyosarcoma, alveolar, bone marrow metastasis, acute leukemia, disseminated intravascular coagulation, VDC EI

JOURNAL OPEN ACCESS

2015 Volume 54 Issue 6 Pages 643-650

DOI https://doi.org/10.2169/internalmedicine.54.2473

Details

Abstract

Bone marrow metastasis of rhabdomyosarcoma has been reported to be difficult to distinguish from acute leukemia. We herein describe a case of rhabdomyosarcoma with bone marrow metastasis mimicking acute lymphoblastic leukemia. A 29-year-old woman was admitted with thrombocytopenia, blast-like cells in the peripheral blood and a coagulation disorder. Bone marrow aspirates showed 94.8% blast-like cell infiltration (CD45^-, myeloperoxidase^-, and CD56⁺), and CT scan revealed the presence of an infiltrating mass in the nasal cavity. Based on a biopsy of the nasal cavity, the patient was diagnosed with rhabdomyosarcoma exhibiting bone marrow metastasis. She received chemotherapy, followed by radiation therapy, and has since remained alive for 26 months, as of the last follow-up.

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